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S10.1 - The Language of Hypothesis Testing
The Language of Hypothesis Testing
14
Mathematics
Graduate
11/08/2013

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Term
Hypothesis
Definition
A statement regarding a characteristic of one or more populations
Term
Hypothesis testing
Definition
A procedure based on sample evidence and probability used to test statements regarding a characteristic of one or more populations
Term
3 steps in hypothesis testing
Definition
1. A statement is made regarding the nature of the population
2. Evidence is collected to test the statement
3. The data are analyzed to assess the plausibility of the statement
Term
Null hypothesis, H0
Definition
A statement to be tested; a statement of no change, no effect, or no difference
Term
Alternative hypothesis, H1 or Ha
Definition
A statement that we are trying to find evidence to support
Term
3 ways to set up the null and alternate hypothesis
Definition
1. Two-tailed test
2. Left-tailed test
3. Right-tailed test
Term
Two tailed test
Definition
Equal hypothesis versus not equal hypothesis
H0: parameter = some value
H1: parameter not= some value
Term
Left-tailed test
Definition
Equal versus less than
H0: parameter = some value
H1: parameter < some value
Term
Right-tailed test
Definition
Equal versus greater than
H0: parameter = some value
H1: parameter > some value
Term
1. Four outcomes from hypothesis testing
Definition
Reject null when alternative is true
Term
2. Four outcomes from hypothesis testing
Definition
Do not reject null when null is true
Term
3. Four outcomes from hypothesis testing
Definition
Reject null when null is true; type I error
Term
4. Four outcomes from hypothesis testing
Definition
Do not reject null when alternative is true; type II error
Term
Level of significance. alpha
Definition
The probability of making a type I error
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