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Berber Language group:
Masmuuda |
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Berber Language group:
Sanhaaja (2) |
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Berber Language group:
Zanaata |
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| Fertile cericultural plains; land held in latifundias by members of gentry class dwelling in towns and worked by peasants in villages |
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Plains Peasants: Unstable Peasant Areas:
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| Areas which historically cycle back and forth between semi-nomadism and sedentary cericulture, depending on the fortunes of the State |
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| • Tribally organized Berberophone villagers with subsistence economies mixing cericulture, arboriculture, apiculture and stock raising: Kabyles |
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| • Similar to above, except with a greater emphasis on stock raising and with a portion of the year lived in tents at high pastures: Ait Atta on N. side of Dra’ |
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| Qsurians and Petits nomades: |
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| Sedentary inhabitants of oases (often Haratîn) and associated sheep-nomads (Note Qsur - sometimes Ksour – is from Arabic for fort or fortified tower and typical of pre-Sahara and Atlas settlements) |
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| Saharan camel nomads and associated sedentary oasis dwellers: e.g Tuareg and (Arab) Beduin: Kababish |
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| grains, roman wheat; egyptian barley, pearl millet sudan BCE1800; oats mediterranean |
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| Goats 6500bp, cattle 6500bp, sheep 4400 bp, horse & donkey 4000bp; 4000bc/400ad carthage. |
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