Term
| what is a compound microscope? |
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Definition
| a light microscope that has more than one lens |
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Term
| why is the invention of the microscope so important? |
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Definition
| made it possible for people to discover and learn about cells |
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Term
| Who was Robert Hooke? What did he first observe? |
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Definition
| One of the first people to observe cells, first observed a thin slice of cork |
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Term
| who was anton van leeuwenhoek? |
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Definition
| the first person to see bacteria with a microscope |
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Term
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Definition
| scientist who found that all plants are made up of cells |
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Term
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Definition
| scientist who found that all animals are made up of cells |
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Term
| what are three important facts stated in the cell theory? |
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Definition
| all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things, all cells are produced from other cells |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability to make things appear larger than they are |
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Term
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Definition
| magnifies an object by bending the light |
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Term
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Definition
| a curved lens wit a thicker center than the edges |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability to see clearly the individual parts of an object |
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Term
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Definition
| cell structures that carry out specific functions within a cell |
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Term
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Definition
| rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds a plant cell |
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Term
| what is the cell membrane? |
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Definition
| forms the outside of a cell and controls what substances come in and out of the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| brain of the cell, directs all the cells activities |
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Term
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Definition
| strands of genetic material floating in the nucleus of the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| powerhouses of cell- produce most of the energy needed to carry out cell functions |
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Term
| what is the endoplasmic reticulum? |
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Definition
| a maze of passageways in a cell that carry proteins from one part of the cell to another |
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Term
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Definition
| factories to produce proteins within the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| distribute proteins and other newly formed materials and distribute them to other parts of the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell (only in plant cells) |
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Term
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Definition
| small structure in the cell that stores food, water, waste, and other materials |
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Term
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Definition
| small structures in a cell that break down food particles |
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Term
| what are bacterial cells? |
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Definition
| cells with cell wall and membrane but no nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
| any substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance |
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Term
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Definition
| the smallest unit of an element |
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Term
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Definition
| two or more elements combined together chemically |
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Term
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Definition
| the smallest unit of a compound |
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Term
| what are organic compounds? |
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Definition
| compunds that contain carbon |
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Term
| what are the four groups of organic compunds? |
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Definition
| lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids |
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Term
| what are inorganic compunds? |
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Definition
| compunds that do not contain carbon |
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Term
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Definition
| organic compunds such as sugars and starches |
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Term
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Definition
| organic compunds found in meat, eggs, fish, nuts, and beans |
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Term
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Definition
| protein molecules made up of smaller molecules |
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Term
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Definition
| a protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing |
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Term
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Definition
| energy rich organic compunds found in fats and oils |
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Term
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Definition
| acids that contain instructions that cell needs to carry out functions of life |
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Term
| what are the two kinds of nucleic acids? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the genetic information in a cell that is passed on to the offspring of a cell |
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Term
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Definition
| acid important to the production of proteins in a cell |
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Term
| why is water so important to living things? |
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Definition
| helps control chemical reactions, helps cell keep size and shape, helps cell keep temperature |
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Term
| what does selectively permeable mean? |
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Definition
| a property of cell membranes that allows some substances to pass through, while others cannot |
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Term
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Definition
| the main methid by which substances move in and out of cells, molecules tend to move from area of high concentration to area of low concentration of a substance |
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Term
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Definition
| diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane |
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Term
| what is active transport? |
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Definition
| movement of materials through a cell membrane using energy |
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Term
| what is passive transport? |
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Definition
| movement of materials through a cell without using energy |
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