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Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
14
Geology
Undergraduate 1
04/06/2011

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Cards

Term
Two Processes of Sedimentary Rocks
Definition

1. Weathering of pre-existing rocks at the Earth's Surface

2. Percipitation of chemical compounds

Term
Types of Weathering
Definition

Mechanical or Physical Weathering

Chemical Weathering

Term
Mechanical or Physical Weathering
Definition
Physical process that breaks large rocks into smaller fragments
Term
Chemical Weathering
Definition
Chemical processes that breakdown rocks by dissolving some minerals within the rock
Term

Types of Mechanical Weathering

Definition
Frost Action, Pressure Release, Growth in Salt Crystals, Thermal Expansion, and Biotic Weathering
Term
Frost Action
Definition

Frost Wedging- pre-existent crack-can split rocks

Frost Heaving

Term
Pressure Release
Definition

Exfoliation

Exfoliation Dome Formation

Term
Types of Chemical Weathering
Definition
Dissolution, Hydrolysis, Oxidation
Term
Dissolution
Definition
chemical Bonds break between atoms and molecules then disperse in water
Term
Water is Universal Solvent
Definition
Term
Oxidation
Definition
Substances react with atmospheric oxygen to form new substances by exchanging electrons
Term
Hydrolysis
Definition

Occurs when hydrogen ions replace positive ions in minerals

 

This alters the composition of the mineral by producing soluble substances and/or iron which can be oxidized

Term
Making Sediments and Chemical Weathering
Definition
Dissolution, Hydrolysis, Oxidation
Term
Factors Which influence the rate of weathering
Definition

Climate: temperature and moisture

Extent of exposed surface area

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