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Semester test
biology stuff
58
Biology
10th Grade
12/15/2010

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Term
Biology
Definition
the science of life
Term
Diffusion
Definition
the process by which molecules move from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration
Term
Endocytosis
Definition
the process by which a cell engulfs and surrounds large substances
Term
Exocytosis
Definition
the process by which wastes are packaged in vesicles and leave the cell
Term
Hypertonic
Definition
the condition when the concentration of solute molecules is higher outside than inside a cell
Term
Isotonic
Definition
the condition when the concentrations of solute molecules inside and outside a cell are equal
Term
Osmosis
Definition
the diffusion of water
Term
Passive Transport
Definition
the movement of any substance across a cell membrane without the use of cell energy
Term
Semipermeable
Definition
it only allows certain things through
Term
Turgor Pressure
Definition
water pressure within a cell
Term
ATP
Definition
the molecule adenosine with 3 phosphate groups attached
Term
Aerobic Respirtion
Definition
uses oxygen
Term
Anaerobic Respiration
Definition
doesnt use oxygen
Term
Fermentation
Definition
the breakdown of pyruvic acid without the use of oxygen
-lactic acid-alcoholic
Term
Autotroph
Definition
an organism that synthesizes organic molecules from inorganic substances
Term
Photosynthesis
Definition
the process of converting the radiant energy of sunlight into the chemical energy of glucose
Term
Anterior
Definition
the front end of bilaterally symmetrical organism
Term
Tibia
Definition
bone in lower leg
Term
Insertion
Definition
the attachment point of a tendon to a moving bone
Term
Fixed Joint
Definition
joint that doesnt move
Term
Extensors
Definition
extend bones
Term
Science
Definition
study of everything
Term
Scientific Method
Definition
a procedure that is a logical combination of scientific processes used to solve a problem
Term
Cell
Definition
a membrane-bound structure that is the basic unit of life
Term
Cell Membrane
Definition
the outer bilibpid boundary of a cell
Term
Cell Theory
Definition
the theory that all living things are made up of cells, that cells are the basic units of organisms, and that cells come only from existing cells
Term
Chloroplast
Definition
a plastid containing chlorophyll
Term
Chromosome
Definition
DNA in a coiled, rod-shaped form that occurs during cell division
Term
Cytoplasm
Definition
the gellike fluid of a cell interior
Term
Eukaryote
Definition
a cell that contains a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
Term
Prokaryote
Definition
a cell without a nucleus
Term
Mitochondria
Definition
muscle cell respiration
Term
Nucleus
Definition
the organelle that contains most of the DNA
Term
Carrier Molecule
Definition
a protein that functions in transport of molecules across a membrane
Term
Cytolysis
Definition
the intake by a cell of so much water that it bursts
Term
Biochemical Pathway
Definition
the series of complex processes involved in intermediary metabolism
Term
Heterotroph
Definition
organisms that do not make their own food, but depend directly or indirectly on others for food
Term
Lactic Acid
Definition
acid created during lactic acid fermentation
Term
Muscle
Definition
contractile organ consisting of many cells
Term
Posterior
Definition
the hind end of an organism
Term
Origin
Definition
attachment point of a tendon to a stationary bone
Term
Abductor
Definition
muscle that moves limb away
Term
Lateral
Definition
on the sides of the body
Term
Hypotonic
Definition
the condition when the concentration of solute molecules is lower outside
Term
Selectively Permeable Membranes
Definition
membrane that allows certain substances to pass through it
Term
Cell Theory
Definition
cells come from cells-all living things composed of cells
Term
Epiphyseal Plate
Definition
end of long bone-growing point-made out of cartiladge
Term
Body Cavities
Definition
spinal-cranial=dorsal cavity
ventral-abdominal=thoratic cavity
Term
Cell Respiration and ATP
Definition
adenosine triphosphate-
Term
Microscope parts, use, and care
Definition
carry at base, wrap cord when cool-look at chart
Term
Muscle Types, Function, and Location
Definition
flexors, extensors, aductors, abductors
Term
Types of Joints
Definition
fixed, movable, semimovable, ball and socket, pivot, hinge, angular
Term
Science Areas, Biology
Definition
study of life
Term
Tendons and Ligaments
Definition
connect bone to muscle, connect bone to muscle
Term
Scientific Method
Definition
hypothesis theory, methor for solving problems
Term
Aerobic vs Anerobic Respiration
Definition
uses oxygen, doesnt use oxygen
Term
Osmosis and Diffusion
Definition
movement as water, movement of other materials
Term
Muscle Contraction
Definition
move bones
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