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Shakes and Quakes Lab
Hsakes and Quakes!!!
42
Geology
Undergraduate 2
04/24/2007

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Cards

Term
Minerals are the building-blocks of:
Definition
Rocks
Term
What six mineral types account for the earth's mass?
Definition
quartz, feldspar, olivine, spinel, perovskite, and native iron.
Term
What are the six mineral types that account for the earth's mass called?
Definition
silicate minerals
Term
The ordered arrangement of atoms in the mineral is called the:
Definition
Crystal Structure
Term
The order of the crust, mantle and core are:
Definition
Outer, middle, inner
Term
The crust and the upper mantle come together to form the:
Definition
lithosphere
Term
The region beneath the lithosphere is called:
Definition
the asthenosphere
Term
The lower mantle between the asthenosphere and the core is the:
Definition
mesosphere
Term
The study of how materials deform is called:
Definition
rheology
Term
the study of the gaseous atmosphere is called:
Definition
meteorology
Term
the study of the liquid oceans is called:
Definition
oceanography
Term
The study of the solid earth is:
Definition
Duh! Geology
Term
Force concentration is called:
Definition
stress
Term
Deformation concentration is called
Definition
strain
Term
measure of how rapidly strain occurs is called
Definition
strain rate
Term
When a rock has the capacity to come back to its original shape is called:
Definition
Elastic deformation
Term
The limit of elastic deformation is called the:
Definition
elastic limit
Term
Permanent deformation of a solid that leaves the material intact is called
Definition
ductile deformation
Term
What is the unifying theory of modern geology?
Definition
Plate tectonics.
Term
Continental drift was introduced by:
Definition
Alfred Wegner
Term
forces distributed over the volume of a body are called:
Definition
body forces
Term
rock masses to either side of the fault surface are called
Definition
rock faults
Term
Where does most displacement occour?
Definition
The San Andreas fault.
Term
The style of fault motion that are hard rocks that can store lots of elastic energy before failure is:
Definition
stick-slip motion
Term
Fault blocks that creep slowly past each other:
Definition
Fault Creep
Term
Intervals along which a fault exhibits the same behavior are called:
Definition
Segments
Term
The portion of geology that deals with faults and other crustal deformation is called:
Definition
structural geology
Term
Water waves are called:
Definition
Gravity waves
Term
The length of time between successive maximum or minimum displacements is called the
Definition
period
Term
The distance between particle positions at the maximum and minimum displacement positions is called the
Definition
amplitude
Term
the systematic study of earthquakes is called:
Definition
seismology
Term
the arrival of compression waves are called:
Definition
P-Waves
Term
The arrival of shear waves are called:
Definition
S-waves
Term
curves that predicted wave arrival times versus distance are called:
Definition
travel-time curves
Term
Richter scales can determine the _________ of earthquakes.
Definition
Magnitude
Term
The motion of the earthquake waves causes the sediment particles to vibrate loose, which allows the particles to easily slide past each other. This is called:
Definition
Liquefaction
Term
What is unreinforced masonry?
Definition
brick, stone and cocnrete block
Term
mass on a rod is called an:
Definition
inverted pendulum
Term
Waves that were a meter or two high in the deep ocean rise to tens of meters in height by the time they reach the shore. This is called a:
Definition
Run-up.
Term
The class that tsunamis belong to are called:
Definition
Gravitational waves
Term
a physical property of fluids that characterizes how easily a fluid flows is called:
Definition
Viscosity
Term
molten rock composed of varying amounts silicon and oxygen, together with many different kinds of metal ions, such as iron, magnesium, and aluminum is:
Definition
Magma
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