Term
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Definition
Hair
Melanocytes
Epidermal barrier
Innate immunity
Adaptive Immunity |
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Term
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Definition
lipid bilayer
cornified envelop structure
fillagrin
corneodesmosomes (provide struct. integrity)
control of desquamation |
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Term
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Definition
epidermis (absorption, direct contact, colonisation, penetration)
adnexa (entry via follicle)
dermis and panniculus (blood vessels, nervers)
underlying tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| develop spontaneously as a result of underlying disease |
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Term
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Definition
| evolve from primary or induced by self trauma |
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Term
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Definition
Primary skin lesion
a circumscribed, non-papable spot characterised by a change in color from the skin |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Primary
small, solid elevation of skin <1cm |
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Term
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Definition
Primary
sharply circumscribed epidermal elevation filled with clear fluid |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Primary
Intra-epidermal, sub-epidermal, or follicular
typically contains neutrophils, bacterica, eosinophils, or is sterile |
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Term
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Definition
Primary
a circumscribed, raised lesion die to oedema, often transient |
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Term
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Definition
Primary
an epithelium-lined cavity containing fluid of solid material. smoother, well circumscribed, usually fluctuant |
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Term
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Definition
Primary
A circumscribed solid elevation >1 cm (like papule)
usually due to massive cell infiltrate that may be INFLAMMATORY OR NEOPLASTIC |
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Term
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Definition
Primary
a large (>1 cm) flat-topped elevation formed by extension of coalescences of papules |
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Term
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Definition
Primary
a mass of >= 2cm, may be neoplastic of not |
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Term
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Definition
Primary
a localized collection of pus in an area of tissue destruction, surrounded by inflammation
usually more deep than pustule |
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Term
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Definition
Secondary
circular rim of scale hat evolves from a pustule, vesicle, or bulla |
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Term
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Definition
Secondary
erosion or ulcers caused by self trauma to epidermis |
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Term
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Definition
Secondary
loss of epidermise, depressed, moist, glistening |
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Term
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Definition
Secondary
linear crack or break through DERMIS |
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Term
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Definition
Secondary
thickening of skin with large number of creases |
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Term
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Definition
Secondary
dead keratinocytes plus neutrophils +/- bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
Physical/Chemical: UV, irritants, heat
Immunological rXn
Infectious Agents: bact, fungi, virus, parasite
Nutritional/Metabolic |
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Term
| Mechanisms of Skin Disease |
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Definition
Genetic Predisposition
Physical Damage
Toxin products
Hypoxia
Immune stimulation
Degeneration
In most diseases, several are overlapping |
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Term
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Definition
Keratinocytes
Dendritic Cells
Mast Cells
Lymphocytes |
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Term
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Definition
squamous cells found in epidermis
produce chemokines and cytokines
can express MHC II (major histocompatibility complex), PRRs, are APCs |
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Term
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Definition
Antigen presenting Cells (APCs)
LANGERHANS CELLS in epidermis |
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Term
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Definition
| release histamine and recruit other inflammatory cells |
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Term
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Definition
| critical to Tcell and Macrophage recruitment |
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Term
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Definition
| these activate/arm effector cells and then direct them to immune response |
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Term
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Definition
injury/pathogen invasion
release primary citokines
activiation of resident innate immune sys
langerhans and dendritic cells carry antigens to LN
Tcells activated
more innate cells recruited |
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Term
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Definition
Injury/pathogen recognised
cytokines and chemokines released by Langerhans
non-specific recruitment of effector Tcells |
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Term
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Definition
Othokeratotic hyperkeratosis
increased thickness of anuclear surface keratin (stratum corneum) |
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Term
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Definition
prominent granular layer (stratum granulosum)
(often assoc with orthokeratosis) |
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Term
| Parakeratotic hyperkeratosis |
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Definition
| increased thickness of nucleated cells in stratum corneum |
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Term
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Definition
| increased thickness of stratum spinosum |
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Term
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Definition
| increased number of epidermal cells (often irregular) |
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Term
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Definition
| pigmentary incontinence, pigment laden macrophage in DERMIS |
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Term
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Definition
| hyperkeratosis, hyperplasia, and dysplasia |
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