Epidermis

Dermis

Subcutaneous

Stratum Corneum

Stratum Granulosum

Stratum Spinosum

Stratum Basale

• Keratohyaline granules

• Contains Kertain forming cells
• Melanocytes
• Langerhans cells- found throughout epidermis
• Merkels cells

• Fat layer
• Large BV
• Nerves
• Lymphatics
• Base of:hair follicle, sweat gland, and Sebaceous gland
• Insulation
• Shock Absorber

• Vellus Hair
• Terminal Hair

• Thin
• Inconspicuous
• Relatively unpigmented

• Scalp, Brow, extremities, Pubic, Axillae
• Coarser
• More Conspicuous
• Typically pigmented

-Growing Phase

-2-5 yrs

-85-90% of scalp hair

-Decrease with age/male pattern baldness

-Short transitional phase

-Resting Phase

-hard and translucent portion, composed of kertain

-2 layers

   1.outer:formed by proximal nail matrix

2.Inner: formed by distal nail matrix (lunula)

-the crescent shaped whitish area of the nail bed (when visible)

-Distal nail matrix

-Subsequent lesions that develop during the evolutionary process of skin disease or are created by scratching or infection

-Maybe the only type of lesion present

-Non-palpable

-Palpable

-Fluid-filled

-Vascular (within vessel)

-Vascular (outside of vessel)

-Special primary lesions

-macule

-patch

-papule

-plaque

-wheat

-nodule

-tumor

-Vesicle

-Bulla

-Pustule

-Cyst

-Telangiectasia

-Spider angioma

-Venous star

-Capillary hemangioma

-Cherry angioma

-Petechia

-Purpura

-Ecchymosis

-Comedo

-Burrow

-Abscess

-Furncle

-Carbuncle

-Loss of Skin Surface

-Material on skin surface

-Change in texture

-Fissure

-Erosion

-Ulcer

-Scale

-Crust

-Lichenification

-Scar

-Keloid

-Excorication

-Hyperkeratosis

-Striae

• less than 1 cm area of skin or mucous membrane
• may have non-palpable, fine scale
• example: freckle

- Greater than 1 cm area of skin or mucous membrane

-Different color from surrounding tissue

-May have non-palpable, fine scale

-Example: vitilligo

-Less than 1 cm

- Palpable, solid

-Greater than 1 cm

-Elevated, firm, rough lesions with flat top surface

-Surface area greater than height

-Example: Psoriasis, Seborrheic/actinic keratoses

-No size

-elecated, irregular shaped area of cutaneous edema

-solid, translucent, variable diameter

-Examples: Hives, whelts, Insect bites, PPD

-1-2 cm

-nodules are dermal or subdermal lesions

-circumscribed, elevated, solid

-Greater than 2 cm

-Larger version of nodule

-Benign or malignant

-Border is irregular or circumscribed

-Solid

-Less than 1 cm

-Elevated, circumscribed

-Superficial, not into dermis

-Filled with serous fluid

-Example: Varicella and Herpes Zoster

-less than 1 cm

-elevated, superficial

-vesicles filled with purulent material

-Example: acne and impetigo

-Vesicle that is greater than 1 cm

-Example: Blister and Pemphigous vulgaris

-No size

-Elevated circumscribed, encapsulated lesion

-Filled with liquid (purulent) or semisolid substance that is surrounded by a membranous sac

-Example: Sebaceous cyst or cystic acne

-Visible, persistent, dilation

-Superficial cutaneous blood vessels

-Rosacea Acne

-bright red

-Blanch with pressure to central area

-faintly pulsatile

-consists of a central ateriole with slendor projections resembling spider legs

-Liver failure

-Most common

-Found on the face, scalp, back, and chest

-Usually gone by age ten

-A.k.a "spider veins"

-A dilated vein that forms a spider like pattern

-Larger and darker tan spider angiomas (less red and more blue)

-Secondary to increased venous pressure

-bright red papule

-1-3mm in size

-sometimes surrounded by a pale halo

-usually found on the trunk

-discoloration of the skin or mucous membranes

-Secondary extravasation of blood with color change over time

-characteristic transition of color

-small 1-2 mm

-non-blanchable purpuric macules

-secondary to tiny hemorrhages

-Raised/palpable

-red/violaceous

-skin or mucous membranes

-due to vascular inflammation in skin and extravasation of RBCs

-Pulgged opening of sebaceous gland with collection of keratin and sebus

-whitehead or blackhead

-less than 10 mm

-linear tunnel in epidermis

-Example: parasite

-Circumscribed collection of pus

-infection

-Acute, very deep, hot, tender abscess/nodule

-inflamed hair follicle

-Example: boil or rising

-loss of superficial epidermis

-depressed, moist, glistening

-follows rupture of vesible or bulla

-heals without scarring

-deeper loss of both epidermis and even into dermis

-concave

-varies in size

-linear or vertical crack/split in the epidermis to the dermis

-moist or dry

-example: athletes foot

-dried serum, blood, purulent exudates

-various sizes

-brown, red, black, tan, straw-colored

-heaped up keratinized cells

-flakey skin

-irregular

-thick or thin

-varies in size