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Sociology 1010 Chapter 6
Weber Dr. Wei-Arthus
33
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
02/20/2015

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Term
Networking
Definition
An approach used to widen one's social network, cultivate relationships and know more people.
Term
Bonding social capital
Definition
The power, knowledge, information and popularity gained as a result of the bonding that occurs between homogenous individuals.
Term
Primary groups
Definition
Groups that are small, informal and personal.
Term
Bureaucracy
Definition
A major mechanism and principle that can manage formal organizations more efficiently and rationally.
Term
In-groups
Definition
The "people like us" (PLUS) or our "us" vs. "them" feelings.
Term
Social networks
Definition
The connections or relationships we have with other people.
Term
Formal organization
Definition
A large, structured, secondary group. It is purposefully created to achieve specific goals.
Term
Bureaucratic inertia
Definition
The tendency of bureaucracy to perpetuate itself and take on a life of its own; it can serve to prevent organizations from making beneficial changes.
Term
Deskilling
Definition
The transformation from high-skilled labor to semiskilled or deskilled labor through the use of technology
Term
Trained incapacity
Definition
Technical training that is too narrow and specialized, leading to a lack of general capability.
Term
Routinization
Definition
The certain tasks in organizations that are routine; no one questions the reasons behind them.
Term
Social capital
Definition
The connections among people that cause social cohesion.
Term
Alienation
Definition
The condition of powerlessness, estrangement or dissociation from the workplace and or society.
Term
Rationalization
Definition
The process by which society becomes increasingly dominated by regulation, standardization and bureaucratization.
Term
Secondary groups
Definition
Groups that are usually large in size; they are usually formal, impersonal and utilitarian.
Term
McDonaldization
Definition
The business model derived from the McDonald's fast-food chain that focuses on efficiency, calculability, predictability and control.
Term
Group conformity
Definition
Behavior that yields to other group members when they are the majority, or have more power, money and prestige.
Term
Glass ceiling effects
Definition
The transparent mechanism (like a glass ceiling) that prevents women or minority members from moving up in an organization.
Term
Bureaucratization
Definition
The spread of bureaucratic principles to a wide range of organizations, especially rational/quantitative methods for achieving efficiency.
Term
Superordinate goals
Definition
The original goals or mission statement of an organization.
Term
Reference groups
Definition
The groups to which we compare ourselves.
Term
Social identity
Definition
Our social positions in a society.
Term
Ideal type
Definition
A pure form or an abstract model of the characteristics of a phenomenon such as a bureaucracy.
Term
Group think
Definition
The phenomenon in which group members try to minimize conflicts and reach a consensus decision without critical evaluation.
Term
Cyberspace networking
Definition
The process of widening one's social network via social media on the Internet.
Term
Out-groups
Definition
The people who don't belong to the "us" categories.
Term
Tokenism
Definition
The hiring or promoting of a minority member to a position to fill a quota.
Term
Iron law of oligarchy
Definition
An organization's power is concentrated in the hands of a few at the top.
Term
Micromanagement
Definition
A detailed management style resulting from a strict division of labor.
Term
Informal organizational structure
Definition
Bending rules and informal ways of getting things done in organizations.
Term
Organizations
Definition
Structured secondary groups that have been deliberately created to achieve specific goals efficiently.
Term
Social groups
Definition
Groups with a common goal; group members know each other by name and have long-term interactions.
Term
Bridging Social Capital
Definition
Involves networking with individuals who are heterogeneous.
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