Term
| The newer soil taxonomy system is based off what 3 things? |
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Definition
1) Morphological
2) Mineralogical
3)Chemical (PH) |
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Term
| This is the smallest unit that displays the range of soil properties of a specific soil. Smallest unit that can be called a "soil". |
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Definition
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Term
| This is a three-dimensional volume of soil extending from the surface downward to the depth of plant roots or to the lower limits of the genetic soil horizons. |
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Definition
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Term
| This can range from 1-10 meters in cross-sectional areas. |
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Definition
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Term
This is many peons with similar characteristics and size to be recognized as a landscape component.
A) Polypedon
B) Epipedon |
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Definition
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Term
This is the term for "top of soil".
A) Polypedon
B) Epipedon |
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Definition
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Term
This is a horizon soil that is dark, high base saturation that is thick and strong structured. Has to have at least 50% Base Separation.
A) Mollic
B) Umbric
C) Ochric
D) Folistic
E) Histic
F) Melanic
G) Anthrobic
H) Plaggen |
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Definition
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Term
This is a horizon soil that is dark, low base saturation that is thick and strong structured. Has to have at least 50% Base Separation.
A) Mollic
B) Umbric
C) Ochric
D) Folistic
E) Histic
F) Melanic
G) Anthrobic
H) Plaggen |
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Definition
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Term
This is a horizon soil that is too light-colored, low organic content or thin to be Mollic; may be hard and massive when dry.
A) Mollic
B) Umbric
C) Ochric
D) Folistic
E) Histic
F) Melanic
G) Anthrobic
H) Plaggen |
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Definition
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Term
These 3 soils dominate the epipedons soils in Missouri.
A) Ochric
B) Melanic
C) Mollic
D) Folistic
E) Histic
F) Umbric
G) Anthrobic
H) Plaggen |
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Definition
A) Ochric
C) Mollic
F) Umbric |
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Term
This is a organic soil that is saturated for less than 30 days per normal year.
A) Mollic
B) Umbric
C) Ochric
D) Folistic
E) Histic
F) Melanic
G) Anthrobic
H) Plaggen |
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Definition
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Term
This is very high in organic soil that is wet some part of the year.
A) Mollic
B) Umbric
C) Ochric
D) Folistic
E) Histic
F) Melanic
G) Anthrobic
H) Plaggen |
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Definition
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Term
This is an A horizon soil that is thick, dark colored and high in organic matter. Found in volcanic areas.
A) Mollic
B) Umbric
C) Ochric
D) Folistic
E) Histic
F) Melanic
G) Anthrobic
H) Plaggen |
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Definition
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Term
This epipedon is found in Hawaii and Alaska:
A) Mollic
B) Umbric
C) Ochric
D) Folistic
E) Histic
F) Melanic
G) Anthrobic
H) Plaggen |
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Definition
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Term
This is an A horizon soil that is human modified mollie-like horizon, which is high in available P.
A) Mollic
B) Umbric
C) Ochric
D) Folistic
E) Histic
F) Melanic
G) Anthrobic
H) Plaggen |
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Definition
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Term
This is an A horizon soil that is human-made sod like horizon created by years of manuring.
A) Mollic
B) Umbric
C) Ochric
D) Folistic
E) Histic
F) Melanic
G) Anthrobic
H) Plaggen |
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Definition
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Term
These epipedons are mostly found in Europe:
A) Mollic
B) Umbric
C) Ochric
D) Folistic
E) Histic
F) Melanic
G) Anthrobic
H) Plaggen |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 5 soil moisture regimes? |
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Definition
1) Aquic
2) Udic
3) Ustic
4) Aridic
5) Xeric |
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Term
Out of the 5 soil moisture regimes which ones are found in Missouri?
A) Aridic
B) Udic
C) Ustic
D) Xeric
E) Aquic |
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Definition
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Term
Which soil moisture regimes ='s wet?
A) Aridic
B) Udic
C) Ustic
D) Xeric
E) Aquic |
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Definition
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|
Term
Which soil moisture regimes ='s humid?
A) Aridic
B) Udic
C) Ustic
D) Xeric
E) Aquic |
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Definition
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|
Term
Which soil moisture is in-between uric and aridic?
A) Aridic
B) Udic
C) Ustic
D) Xeric
E) Aquic |
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Definition
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Term
Which soil moisture regimes ='s dry?
A) Aridic
B) Udic
C) Ustic
D) Xeric
E) Aquic |
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Definition
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|
Term
Which soil moisture regimes ='s wet winters and dry summers?
A) Aridic
B) Udic
C) Ustic
D) Xeric
E) Aquic |
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Definition
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Term
Which soil temperature regime is < 8 degrees celcious; < 46 degrees Farenheit?
A) Frigid
B) Mesic
C) Thermic
D) Hyperthermic |
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Definition
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Term
Which soil temperature regime is 8-15 degrees celcious; 46-59 degrees Farenheit?
A) Frigid
B) Mesic
C) Thermic
D) Hyperthermic |
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Definition
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|
Term
Which soil temperature regime is 15-22 degrees celcious; 59-72 degrees Farenheit?
A) Frigid
B) Mesic
C) Thermic
D) Hyperthermic |
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Definition
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|
Term
Which soil temperature regime is >22 degrees celcious; >72 degrees Farenheit?
A) Frigid
B) Mesic
C) Thermic
D) Hyperthermic |
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Definition
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|
Term
Which 2 soil temperature regimes is found most in Missouri?
A) Frigid
B) Mesic
C) Thermic
D) Hyperthermic |
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Definition
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|
Term
How many soil orders are there?
A) 4
B) 8
C) 12
D) 16 |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Approximately how many soil sub orders are there?
A) 40
B) 70
C) 150
D) 1200 |
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Definition
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|
Term
Approximately how many soil subgroups are there?
A) 500
B) 1500
C) 2500
D) 5500 |
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Definition
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|
Term
Approximately how many soil families are there?
A) 8000
B) 5000
C) 18,000
D) 22,000 |
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Definition
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|
Term
Approximately how many soil series are there?
A) 103,000
B) 23,000
C) 53,000
D) 1,233,000 |
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Definition
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Term
What is considered the unofficial working part of the soil?
A) Order
B) Suborder
C) Family
D) Series
E) Soil Phase
F) Great Group
G) Subgroup |
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Definition
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Term
Which soil category gives the soils their names?
A) Order
B) Suborder
C) Family
D) Series
E) Soil Phase
F) Great Group
G) Subgroup |
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Definition
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Term
Which soil category gives is the most generalized, based largely on soil morphology, it reflects the degree of horizon development and the kinds of horizons present?
A) Order
B) Suborder
C) Family
D) Series
E) Soil Phase
F) Great Group
G) Subgroup |
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Definition
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|
Term
Which soil category emphasizes soil properties and horizons resulting from differences in soil moisture, soil temperature and associates natural vegetation? Also, the name identifies the order and describes the properties of the soil.
A) Order
B) Suborder
C) Family
D) Series
E) Soil Phase
F) Great Group
G) Subgroup |
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Definition
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|
Term
This soil category consists of soils that are similar in all major soil characteristics
A) Order
B) Suborder
C) Family
D) Soil Series
E) Soil Phase
F) Great Group
G) Subgroup |
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Definition
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Term
This soil category is a subdivision of soil series or other units of classification having characteristics that affect the use and management of the soil.
A) Order
B) Suborder
C) Family
D) Series
E) Soil Phase
F) Great Group
G) Subgroup |
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Definition
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|
Term
This soil category includes: series names, textural class of surface horizon, plus % slope, degree of erosion and content of stones/rocks, etc..
A) Order
B) Suborder
C) Family
D) Series
E) Soil Phase
F) Great Group
G) Subgroup |
|
Definition
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|
Term
This soil category is used as the mapping unit in Missouri Soil Survey.
A) Order
B) Suborder
C) Family
D) Series
E) Soil Phase
F) Great Group
G) Subgroup |
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Definition
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Term
This soil order is "recent soils", it has no naturally formed horizons or just the beginning of horizons, it can be recent deposits, it can be old deposits with little or no horizon development.
A) Entisol
B) Inceptisol
C) Vertisol
D) Mollisol
E) Alfisol
F) Ultisol
G) Aridisol
H) Spodosol
I) Histosol
J) Andisol
K) Oxisol
L) Gelisol |
|
Definition
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Term
This soil order is "beginning soils", master horizons predominate soil profile (A & B), more developed than entisols, but still a young soil, it can be old deposits with minimal horizon development.
A) Entisol
B) Inceptisol
C) Vertisol
D) Mollisol
E) Alfisol
F) Ultisol
G) Aridisol
H) Spodosol
I) Histosol
J) Andisol
K) Oxisol
L) Gelisol |
|
Definition
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Term
This soil order is pretty young, it is inverted, it is characterized by a high content of swelling-type clays, it develops deep-wide cracks in dry weather. It may also cause soils to "buckle" when wet. Found in East Texas and not easy to build on.
A) Entisol
B) Inceptisol
C) Vertisol
D) Mollisol
E) Alfisol
F) Ultisol
G) Aridisol
H) Spodosol
I) Histosol
J) Andisol
K) Oxisol
L) Gelisol |
|
Definition
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Term
This soil order is found a lot in Missouri and Iowa (due to lower temperatures which means higher organic matter because it does not break down as quickly). It is an excellent soil with very high organic matter. It is soft even when dry. It must have a mollie epopedon, it is mostly formed under grassland ecosystems. It is very dark, fertile surface soil that is very productive.
A) Entisol
B) Inceptisol
C) Vertisol
D) Mollisol
E) Alfisol
F) Ultisol
G) Aridisol
H) Spodosol
I) Histosol
J) Andisol
K) Oxisol
L) Gelisol |
|
Definition
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Term
This soil order is found a lot in Southern Missouri and is a "moderately weathered soil". The surfaces are usually gray to brown in color. Some important characteristics of this soil is that they will have an argillic (high clay content)/natric diagnostic horizon. Also, the clay in argillic/natric has >35% base saturation (higher PH in subsoil than Ultisol). The soils do not have a mollie, odic or spadiic horizon.
A) Entisol
B) Inceptisol
C) Vertisol
D) Mollisol
E) Alfisol
F) Ultisol
G) Aridisol
H) Spodosol
I) Histosol
J) Andisol
K) Oxisol
L) Gelisol |
|
Definition
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|
Term
This soil order is higher in temperatures and water and is a "old weathered soil". The surfaces are usually gray to light brown in color. Most of the soluble nutrients have been leached out. Some important characteristics of this soil is that they will have an argillic (high clay content) horizon with < 35% Base Saturation. Lots of pine grow in this soil because they tolerate acidic soils.
A) Entisol
B) Inceptisol
C) Vertisol
D) Mollisol
E) Alfisol
F) Ultisol
G) Aridisol
H) Spodosol
I) Histosol
J) Andisol
K) Oxisol
L) Gelisol |
|
Definition
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Term
This soil order is very high in salt, so hard to grow things. Very light colored due to lack of organic matter. The soil horizons are dry throughout most of the year. It has an ochric epipedon and may have one or more diagnostic subsurface horizons.
A) Entisol
B) Inceptisol
C) Vertisol
D) Mollisol
E) Alfisol
F) Ultisol
G) Aridisol
H) Spodosol
I) Histosol
J) Andisol
K) Oxisol
L) Gelisol |
|
Definition
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|
Term
This is one of the soil orders with the "osol" instead of the "isol" spelling. This occurs only in humid climates usually under forest vegetation and it is ash grey in color. It must have a spodic horizon. It is found in the Eastern US coastal states.
A) Entisol
B) Inceptisol
C) Vertisol
D) Mollisol
E) Alfisol
F) Ultisol
G) Aridisol
H) Spodosol
I) Histosol
J) Andisol
K) Oxisol
L) Gelisol |
|
Definition
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|
Term
This is one of the soil orders with the "osol" instead of the "isol" spelling. It is an organic soil with lots of water. It is of low bulk density and is developed under water-saturated conditions. It is classified on physical properties of the organic compounds.
A) Entisol
B) Inceptisol
C) Vertisol
D) Mollisol
E) Alfisol
F) Ultisol
G) Aridisol
H) Spodosol
I) Histosol
J) Andisol
K) Oxisol
L) Gelisol |
|
Definition
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|
Term
This is developed in volcanic materials. It is often composed of amorphous (non-chrystalline) compounds.
A) Entisol
B) Inceptisol
C) Vertisol
D) Mollisol
E) Alfisol
F) Ultisol
G) Aridisol
H) Spodosol
I) Histosol
J) Andisol
K) Oxisol
L) Gelisol |
|
Definition
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|
Term
This has a very deep bright orange color to it. It is a tropical soil. It is formed under high temperatures and high rainfall conditions. It may have a high clay content, but the clay is highly weathered.
A) Entisol
B) Inceptisol
C) Vertisol
D) Mollisol
E) Alfisol
F) Ultisol
G) Aridisol
H) Spodosol
I) Histosol
J) Andisol
K) Oxisol
L) Gelisol |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Frozen soils with ice or permafrost in the profile. It may have large amounts of organic matter.
A) Entisol
B) Inceptisol
C) Vertisol
D) Mollisol
E) Alfisol
F) Ultisol
G) Aridisol
H) Spodosol
I) Histosol
J) Andisol
K) Oxisol
L) Gelisol |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which two soil orders takes up the most area in the U.S?
A) Entisol
B) Inceptisol
C) Vertisol
D) Mollisol
E) Alfisol
F) Ultisol
G) Aridisol
H) Spodosol
I) Histosol
J) Andisol
K) Oxisol
L) Gelisol |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which soil order takes up the least area in the U.S?
A) Entisol
B) Inceptisol
C) Vertisol
D) Mollisol
E) Alfisol
F) Ultisol
G) Aridisol
H) Spodosol
I) Histosol
J) Andisol
K) Oxisol
L) Gelisol |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What two parts does a suborder name consist of? |
|
Definition
1) A prefix describing a specific feature of the soil
2) A "formative" element which identifies a particular soil order. |
|
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Term
Separate into the appropriate category of Soil Taxonomy: -Peridge silt loam, 2-5% slopes, a fine-silty, mixed, active, mesic typic Paleudalf-
A) Order
B) Suborder
C) Great Group
D) Subgroup
E) Series
F) Phase
G) Family |
|
Definition
| A) Order: Alfisol B) Suborder: Udall C) Great Group: Paleudalf D) Subgroup: Typic Paleudalf E) Series: Peridge F) Phase: Peridge silt loam, 2-5% slopes G) Family: fine -silty, mixed, active, mesic |
|
|
Term
Separate into the appropriate category of Soil Taxonomy:
-Shingle clay loam, loamy, mixed, calcareous, active, shallow, mesic Typic Ustorthent- |
|
Definition
A) Order: Entisol
B) Suborder: Orthate
C) Great Group: Ustorthent
D) Subgroup: Typic Ustorthent
E) Series: Shingle
F) Phase: Shingle clay loam, 2-5% slopes
G) Family: loamy, mixed, calcareous, active, shallow, mesic |
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Term
Separate into the appropriate category of Soil Taxonomy: -Koen fine sandy loam, a Mollic Natrargid, fine, montmorillonitic, superactive, mesic-
A) Order
B) Suborder
C) Great Group
D) Subgroup
E) Series
F) Phase
G) Family |
|
Definition
| A) Order: Aridsol B) Suborder: Argid C) Great Group: Natrargid D) Subgroup: Mollic Natrargid E) Series: Koen F) Phase: Koen fine sandy loam G) Family: fine, montmorillonitic, super active, mesic |
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Term
This is indicated by a number following master horizon symbol (ex: A1, A2, B1, B2):
A) Master Horizons in the Soil Profile
B) Transition horizons
C) Subordinate horizons |
|
Definition
| A) Master Horizons in the Soil Profile |
|
|
Term
These horizons contain mixed properties of 2 other layers within the profile (ex:AE, AB, E, B):
A) Master Horizons in the Soil Profile
B) Transition horizons
C) Subordinate horizons |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This indicates modifications within the Master Horizon. Lower case letters following major horizon designations (ex: p;plow layer, k;carbonates, x;frangipani, h;illuvial accumulation of organic materials, t;accumulation of clays, etc):
A) Master Horizons in the Soil Profile
B) Transition horizons
C) Subordinate horizons |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Put the categories of Soil Taxonomy in order (from broadest to most specific):
A) Series
B) Subgroup
C) Order
D) Suborder
E) Family
F) Soil Phase
G) Great Group |
|
Definition
A) Order
B) Suborder
C) Great Group
D) Family
E) Series
F) Soil Phase |
|
|
Term
This is the subdivision of soil series or other units of classification having characteristics that affect the use and management of the soil. It is used as the mapping unit in Missouri Soil Survey.
A) Series
B) Subgroup
C) Order
D) Suborder
E) Family
F) Soil Phase
G) Great Group |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List the 12 soil orders and indicate their formative elements used to form suborder names. |
|
Definition
1) Entisol: Ent
2) Vertisol: ert
3) Inceptisol: ept
4) Aridsol: id
5) Mollisol: oll
6) Spodosol: od
7) Alfisol: Alf
8) Ultisol: Ult
9) Oxisol: Ox
10) Histosol: ist
11) Andisol: And
12) Gelisol: el |
|
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Term
| This is a USDA classification of land that is helpful in identifying land use and management practices to prevent soil loss via erosion. |
|
Definition
| Land Capability Classification System |
|
|
Term
| How many sections does a township consist of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does each section of a township measure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many acres is each section? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many acres does a township consist of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A vertical section of soil through all its horizons and extending into the parent material:
A) soil profile
B) soil horizon
C) truncated profile
D) Diagnostic horizon
E) Illuviated horizon
F) Soil catena
G) Inherited soil properties
H) Soil association
I) Eluviated Horizon
J) Soil complex
K) Acquired Soil Properties |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A layer of soil, approximately parallel to the soil surface, differing in properties and characteristics from adjacent layers below or above it:
A) soil profile
B) soil horizon
C) truncated profile
D) Diagnostic horizon
E) Illuviated horizon
F) Soil catena
G) Inherited soil properties
H) Soil association
I) Eluviated Horizon
J) Soil complex
K) Acquired Soil Properties |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Having lost all or part of the upper soil horizon or horizons:
A) soil profile
B) soil horizon
C) truncated profile
D) Diagnostic horizon
E) Illuviated horizon
F) Soil catena
G) Inherited soil properties
H) Soil association
I) Eluviated Horizon
J) Soil complex
K) Acquired Soil Properties |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Horizon having specific soil characteristics that are indicative of certain classes of soil:
A) soil profile
B) soil horizon
C) truncated profile
D) Diagnostic horizon
E) Illuviated horizon
F) Soil catena
G) Inherited soil properties
H) Soil association
I) Eluviated Horizon
J) Soil complex
K) Acquired Soil Properties |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A soil layer or horizon in which material carried from an underlying layer has been precipitated from solution it deposited from suspension. The layer of accumulation:
A) soil profile
B) soil horizon
C) truncated profile
D) Diagnostic horizon
E) Illuviated horizon
F) Soil catena
G) Inherited soil properties
H) Soil association
I) Eluviated Horizon
J) Soil complex
K) Acquired Soil Properties |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A group of soils that commonly occur together in a landscape, each characterized by a different slope position and resulting set of drainage-related proprieties:
A) soil profile
B) soil horizon
C) truncated profile
D) Diagnostic horizon
E) Illuviated horizon
F) Soil catena
G) Inherited soil properties
H) Soil association
I) Eluviated Horizon
J) Soil complex
K) Acquired Soil Properties |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A group of defined and named taxonomic soil units accruing together in an individual and characteristic pattern over a geographic region, comparable to plant associations in many ways.
A) soil profile
B) soil horizon
C) truncated profile
D) Diagnostic horizon
E) Illuviated horizon
F) Soil catena
G) Inherited soil properties
H) Soil association
I) Eluviated Horizon
J) Soil complex
K) Acquired Soil Properties |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The removal of soil material in suspension (or in solution) from a layer or layers of a soil. Usually the loss of material in solution is described by the term "leaching".:
A) soil profile
B) soil horizon
C) truncated profile
D) Diagnostic horizon
E) Illuviated horizon
F) Soil catena
G) Inherited soil properties
H) Soil association
I) Eluviated Horizon
J) Soil complex
K) Acquired Soil Properties |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A mapping unit used in detailed soil surveys where two or more defined taxonomic units are so intimately intermixed geographically that it is undesirable or impractical, because of the scale being used to separate them:
A) soil profile
B) soil horizon
C) truncated profile
D) Diagnostic horizon
E) Illuviated horizon
F) Soil catena
G) Inherited soil properties
H) Soil association
I) Eluviated Horizon
J) Soil complex
K) Acquired Soil Properties |
|
Definition
|
|
