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Solution Process Chapter 13
n/a
10
Chemistry
Undergraduate 1
11/14/2012

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Term
3 Steps to Solution Formation
Definition
1.) Solute breaking apart (energy in/required)
2.) Solvent expands/ creates space (energy in/required)
3.)Solute-Solvent interaction (energy out/released)
Term
Relation to IMF?
Definition
Polar vs. non-polar
Term
Is there a willingness to expand to a larger volume if permitted?
Definition
YES.
Term
Entropy
Definition
delta S: disorder
"like-like" molecule interaction means a higher delta S/disorder
"like-unlike" molecule interaction not really any delta S/disorder
Term
Factors Affecting Solubility
Definition
1. Pressure: gas solubility is dependent on the pressure of a gas on the surface of the liquid.
2. Temperature: levels of saturation and state of matter dependent.
high temp = lower gas solubility and usually higher solid solubility (exception Ce2(SO4)3).
low temp = higher gas solubility and usually lower solid solubility (there are exceptions).
3. Solute-Solvent Interaction: polar and non-polar relationships. so like dissolves like and the stronger the attraction, the more solubility.
As the length off a non polar chain gets longer, in comparison, the place to hydrogen bond gets smaller and it becomes less soluble in water and more soluble in something polar.
Term
Mass Percent
Definition
Mass % = (mass of part/mass of whole) x 100
Term
Mole Fraction
Definition
Mole Fraction = mole of part/ total moles.
or Xa
Term
Molarity
Definition
M = moles of component/ volume of solution (L)
Term
molality
Definition
m = moles of component/ kg of solvent

*solvent: larger, solute: smaller. In sugar water, water is the solvent and sugar is the solute.
also if you dissolve anything in water it is called hydration.
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