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| two or more extended families living together under one leader |
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| consists of parents, their children, and all the parents' grandchildren |
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| a number of bands who followed the same leader and shared the same territory and culture |
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| alliances of people or groups that unite for a common purpose |
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| Mississippian or Mound Builder Culture |
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| Caddo came to what part of Texas at what time in history? |
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| Piney Woods during the Late prehistoric period |
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| Cone-shaped buildings of poles covered with grass. up to 60' in diameter and housed 8-10 families. Large villages along major rivers |
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| Lead by overall chief of the confederacy, sacred fire burned inside of temple, believed in one creator but many other gods and spirits who they thought could speak through the chief |
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| Men worked with women in gardens, fished and hunted. Crops more important than meat. fabric, clay pots, tools including axes and drills. Greeted strangers by weekping and crying loundly, greeted first Spanish explorers by crying "tay-yas, tay-yas" which means friend, and became Tejas and then Texas. |
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| traded with people from Gulf Coast, Southwest and Great Lakes for copper and turqois, made beautiful crafts and art, most advanced tribe in this way |
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5 bands of Atakapan lived in Texas
Two kinds of Atakapan in TX:
One band of Bidais
Four or more bands of Akokisas |
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Atakapan: Five bands or small ribes across coastal plains from Louisiana to Galveston Bay.
Bidais: Lived on the edge of the Piney Woods between the Trinity and Brazos Rivers.
Akokisas: along Galveston Bay |
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| corn,deer, buffalo, hunting important |
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| Along marshes near Galveston Bay. inland in fall and winter. Winter homes more permanent villages, dome-shaped brush huts covered with bearskins. |
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Summer:No farming, hunting-gathering, fishing from canoes in summer,
Winter:hunted bear, traded dry fish |
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| Near Caddoes along Red River, then moved north to Kansas. Men call themselves "raccoon eyes" in their own language, women have zigzag lines and circles for tattoos. |
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| Wichita joined together with two other tribes for protection |
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| farmers of corn, pumpkin, squash, melon, beans, plum trees. After fall harvest bands would leave their homes to hunt buffalo on the plains in Winter. |
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