Term
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Definition
| the trajectory of the particle(s) |
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Term
| how are we safe on earth? |
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Definition
| radiation- earth’s atmosphere, the large particles from the solar wind- the magnetic field |
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Term
| how does the effect of solar storms on satellites? |
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Definition
| damage by the em radiation |
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Term
| how does the effect of a solar storm on humans? |
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Definition
| realse high energy particals cause cancer |
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Term
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Definition
| large brightening of the aurora |
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Term
| what are the effects of on technology on earth? |
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Definition
| disrupted communication systems, disrupted navigation,effects on electric power grids |
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Term
| what are the effects of space exploration of the solar storm |
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Definition
| radiation hazards to humans, effects on satellites, tion |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| in the solar spectrum for an object that is 6000 k hot |
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Term
| The Electromagnetic Spectrum |
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Definition
| the sun emits electromagnetic radiation |
|
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Term
| the sun emits electromagnetic radiation |
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Definition
| The Electromagnetic Spectrum |
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Term
| what are solar emissions? |
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Definition
| Electromagnetic radiation |
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Term
| what are Solar Emissions made off? |
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Definition
| Solar wind of protons, HE nuclei, and electrons |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| magnetosphere looks like? |
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Definition
| looks a little bit like a streamlined car from the 30’s. |
|
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Term
| what is a radiation belt? |
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Definition
| is a torus of energetic charged particles (plasma) around Earth, held in place by Earth's magnetic field. |
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Term
| How much percent is the atmosphere near the surface? |
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Definition
| 75% of the atmosphere exists within 11 km of the Earth’s surface. |
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Term
| How much atmosphere in 30 km |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| the earth's atmosphere consist of? |
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Definition
Nitrogen (78.1%)
Oxygen (20.9%)
Small amounts of argon (0.9%)
Carbon dioxide (~ 0.035%)
Water vapor
And other gases. |
|
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Term
| what are the four layers of the atmosphere? |
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Definition
[image]- Troposphere - 0 - 7/17 km, temperature decreasing with height
- Stratosphere - 7/17 - 50 km, temperature increasing with height
- Mesosphere - 50 - 80/85 km, temperature decreasing with height
- Thermosphere - 80/85 - 650+ km, temperature increasing with height. |
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Term
| what are the boundaries between the regions? |
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Definition
Troposphere
Stratosphere
Tropopause (trop. - strat.)
Mesosphere
Stratopause(strat. - meso.)
Thermosphere
Mesopause (meso - Therm.)
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Term
| The temperature in the Earth’s upper atmosphere (in the thermosphere) |
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Definition
| can change from about 600 Kelvin to more than 2000 Kelvin. |
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Term
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Definition
| or ozonosphere, approximately 10 - 50 km, where ozone is found (This is basically the stratosphere). |
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Term
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Definition
| the region containing ions: approximately the mesosphere and thermosphere up to 1000 km.
-- exosphere - above the ionosphere, where the atmosphere thins out into space. |
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Term
| what's above the ionsphere? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| extends from about 100 km upward to about 1000 km. |
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Term
| The ionosphere is created |
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Definition
| by the extreme ultra-violet radiation from the sun. |
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Term
| Why Do We Worry About the Ionosphere? |
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Definition
The ionosphere also affects navigation, communicaton, and surveillance systems from space.
The ionosphere affects radio waves that travel from the ground to a satellite or vice versa.
The Ionosphere affects many Technological Systems:
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Term
| HOW DO we see the aurora's color? |
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Definition
| As the electrons return to their original energy levels, these atoms emit visible light of distinct wavelengths, to create the colors of the display we see. |
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Term
| where are aurora's located? |
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Definition
| are located in an approximate circular band around the magnetic poles of the earth. |
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Term
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Definition
| The aurora extends from about 100 km altitude to about 200 km altitude |
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Term
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Definition
The aurora is caused by charged particles from the magnetosphere and the solar wind colliding with atmospheric atoms and ions.
(diagram on pp9 slide 22-24)
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