Term
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Camelid sacrum in the shape of a Canine |
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Definition
F: to house a type of spiritual essence of a hunted animal
L: Tequixquiac, Central Mexico
A: bone sculpture from a camel-like animal
S: A carving of a camel-like animal
H: one of the earliest cultural artifacts in Mesoamerica, discovered by Mexican naturalist
I: Carved to represent a mammal's skull
E: 14,000-7,000 B.C.E.; Found in 1870
R: Mesoamerican idea that a sacrum is a "second skull" |
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Definition
F: to be placed in a temple to represent a person praying
L: modern Tell Asmar, Iraq
A: figures are of different heights, denoting hierarchy of scale, hands folded in gesture of prayer, huge eyes in awe, spellbound, perhaps staring at the deity
S: statues of women and men varying in sizes
H: From the Square Temple at Eshnunna;Gods and humans physically present in their statues;Hundreds of statuettes survive; c.2700 B.C.E.
I: Figures represent mortals, placed in a temple and praying-perhaps to the god Abu
E: Women: dress draped over one shoulder
Men: bare upper chest; skirt from waist down; beard flows in ripple patterns; wear a belt
R: Shrine Figures: through busy daily works, Sumerians placed their statues in temples to fulfill their daily prayers |
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Term
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Mortuary temple of Hatshepsut |
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Definition
F: Location for Hatshepsut to be buried
L: Luxor, Egypt
A: sandstone, obelisks inside temple, 3 colonnaded terraces connected by 2 ramps, pylon-entrance to temple
S: Hatshepsut's temple of burial
H: She was buried in the Valley of Kings, the temple once surrounded by desert; took 15 years to build
I: importance of Hatshepsut's reign
E: First time the achievements of a woman are celebrated in art history; her body is interred elsewhere
R: Many Egyptian pharaohs had shrines or temples represented after them, after their death |
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Definition
F: krater dedicated to Niobid's children
L: Louvre, Paris
A: clay, active appearance, human movement, red-figure technique
S: two different scenes: One side depicts the killing of Niobid's children and the other side is story of a scholarly debate
H: Niobid bragged to the goddess Leto whom she only had two children, unlike Niobid who had many -> led to massacre of Niobid's children
I: slaughter b/c of hubris (arrogance)
E: First time in vase painting that isocephalism (the tradition of depicting heads of figures on the same level) has been jettisoned; may have been the influence of wall paintings
R: kraters were created fro depictions of particular/significant events |
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Term
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Augustus of Prima Porta |
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Definition
F: Commemorative monument; a vehical of political propaganda
L: Vatican Museum, Rome
A: marble copy of a bronze original, contrapposto, standing barefoot indicates he is on sacred ground, back not carved, meant to be placed against a wall, Characteristic of Augustus is the part in the hair over the left eye, and two locks over the right
S: an emperor showing victory and Cupid hanging by Augustus' foot
H: copy of a bronze original, 20 C.E.
I: At base: Cupid on the back of a dolphin-reference of Augustus's divine descent from Venus
E: Confusion between god and man intentional; sense of divine rule
R: Shows Power and Authority (Roman) |
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Term
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Sistine Chapel ceiling frescoes |
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Definition
F: a painting on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel
L: ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, Vatican City, Rome, Italy
A: themes such as the Creation, Fall, and Redemption of humanity; long sequence of narrative panels, religious figures, bodies represented in simplicity-nude or simply draped, figures in tinted reliefs or full-rounded statues
S: artwork involving scenes of the Creation, Fall, & Redemption of humanity
H: Julius II gave the bitter and reluctant Michelangelo the commission to paint the Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in 1508 even though it wasn't his profession
I: Creation, Fall, Redemption of humanity
E: Julius II hired many o decorate the Sistine Chapel but the didn't know how and so Julius II had them all killed; c. 1508-1512 C.E.
R: Reflects Christianity and Christian history |
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Term
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Frontispiece of the Codex Mendoza |
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Definition
F: information about the Aztec empire
L: Viceroyalty of New Spain
A: images annotated in Spanish, includes information about the Aztec Empire
S: A codex with information about the lords of Tenochtitlan, life "from year to year"
H: Viceroy Mendoza intended to send the Codex to the Spanish King, Emperor Charles V of Spain, although it never made it to Spain; French pirates acquired the Codex and it ended up in France
I: Aztec life, cactus upon which the eagle rests = place name of Tenochtitlan
E: the Codex's frontispiece relates info about the organization and foundation of the Aztec capital, Tenochtitlan; c. 1541-1542 C.E.
R: Figures and symbols on the frontispiece aid in understanding the city's foundation as well as early history |
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Term
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Definition
F: a still life painting for the merchant class in Holland
L: Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence
A: still life, fruits, wheat, insects, nest/eggs, color of red/green/ Autumn colors
S: A basket of fruits w/insects surrounding it
H: Artist: Rachel Ruysch; painted since she was in her 20's until her 80's, her father was famous for discovering/experimenting on human anatomy
I: Still life- items put on a table; eggs in the nest = life, Eucharist = grape/wines, the blood of Christ; wheat/bread = body of Christ
E: Used illustrations in botany textbooks as a basis for painting
R: In a phase in which the artist produced still life in a woodland setting |
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Definition
F: Thomas Jefferson's home
L: Charlottesville, Virginia
A: brick, glass, stone, and wood, symmetrical interior design, brick building, stucco applied to trim to give the effect of marble, tall French doors and windows to allow circulation in hot Virginia summers, appears to be a one-story building with a dome but the balustrade hides the second floor, octagonal dome
S: Thomas Jefferson's home
H: Jefferson designed his own home after the neoclassicism then popular in France; construction began in 1768 when the hilltop was first cleared and leveled; 1770-1806 C.E.
I:"little mountain" in Italian, Jefferson's accomplishments
E: Jefferson obsessed with saving space in his home: very narrow spiral staircases, beds in alcoves or in walls b/w rooms
R: an example of French Neoclassical architecture in the U.S. |
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Term
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Darkytown Rebellion |
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Definition
F: show concernment about race and being black in America
L: USA
A: cut paper and projection on wall; silhouette-shadowing of figures
S: South: teenager holds a flag that resembles a colonial hip sail; one man his leg cut off; a woman aborting a child; a woman caring for newborns
H: Kara Walker (California born, New York-based) African-American artist; exploration of African-Americans in the antebellum
I: bringing people into history of artwork; African-American peoples' journey to America
E: scenes from the American Civil War
R: Wall Surfaces |
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