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Statistics 1100Q
Chapter 2, Chapter 5 ( sections 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4 )
30
Mathematics
Undergraduate 1
09/25/2013

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Term
Statistics
Definition
A collection of procedures and principles for gathering and analyzing data to help make decisions when faced with uncertainty
Term

Population

 

Definition
All the objects on an individual about which information is desired.
Term
Sample
Definition
A subset of the Population
Term
Random Sample
Definition
One for which every member of te population has the same chance to e selected for the sample.
Term
Variable
Definition
A characteristic of an object or individual that can differ from one entity to another.
Term
Observation
Definition
A value for a variable.
Term
Sample Size
Definition
The number of observations in a sample.
Term
Statistic
Definition
A "Summary Measure" calculated from a sample.
Term
Parameter
Definition
A "Summary Measure" for the entire population.
Term
Categorical Variable
Definition
A quality of an object Ex: Hair color
Term
Quantitative Variable
Definition
A numerical value or measurement taken on an object. Ex: Weight, Height
Term
Continuous Variable
Definition
One whose possible values are real numbers in an interval of real numbers
Term
Response Variable
Definition
Wat we measure on the object
Term
Explanatory Variable
Definition
May explain what we see in the response.
Term
Mean
Definition
The average of a Data set
Term
Median
Definition
A number such that half the values are less than the number and half the values are greater than the number. (Simply the middle number in the data set)
Term
Lower Quartile (Q1)
Definition
The median of the lower half of the data set. (at the 1/4th mark)
Term
Upper Quartile
Definition
The median of the upper half of the data (3/4 mark)
Term
Fundamental rule for using data for Inferences
Definition
The data is representative of the population.
Term
Simple Random Sample (SRS)
Definition
Every possible group of size "n" has the same chance to be the selected sample.
Term
Selection Bias
Definition
Leaving out part of the population in the sample.
Term
Non Response Bias
Definition
People do not respond, leaving part of the sample empty. Ex: Someone does not mail back a Census form.
Term
Response Bias
Definition
When a response is given to a question.
Term

Σ Means

Σx Means

Definition

Sum

Sum of all x values

Term
Location (Center) is
Definition
Mean, Median
Term
Spread (Variablility) is
Definition
Range, InterQuartile Range (IQR), Stand. Deviation
Term

Use the Mean when the graph is:

Use the Median when the graph is:

Definition

Mean= Symetrical

Median= Skewed

Term

Range:

IQR:

 

Definition

Range= Min-Max

IQR= Q1-Q3

Term

Standard Z Score Formula

 

Definition

Only Bell Curves.

Z=Value-mean/Stand. Deviation

 

Z=X-

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