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Strength
Strength
70
Medical
Graduate
10/03/2015

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Cards

Term
define muscular strength (2)
Definition
maximal contractile force, ability to hold a position or control a body sgement as it moves into and out of a position against gravity or with added resistance
Term
define muscular endurance (2)
Definition
ability of mm to perform work over time and assumes some component of muscular strength. the ability to sustain static or repetitive muscle contraction for long periods of time
Term
define muscular power
Definition
ability to release maximal muscular force within a specified time
Term
children need strength to promote (2)
Definition
development, fitness
Term
children need strength to promote development of (3)
Definition
cognitive, psychological, and physical
Term
children need strength to promote fitness (3)
Definition
endurance, flexibility, joint integrity
Term
MMT may not be able to ID strength issues until there is what?
Definition
a greater than 50% deficit
Term
Issues with MMT: children under the mental age of 5
Definition
may not understand the concept of resistance (holding)
Term
Issues with MMT: the examiner
Definition
must know normal movement patterns against gravity
Term
Issues with MMT: factors that may affect testing results(2)
Definition
tone, ROM
Term
how SHOULD strength be graded in pediatrics
Definition
muscle groups
Term
grading system for strength in pediatrics from best to wrost
Definition
normal, good, fair, poor, trace, zero
Term
Grading Strength in Pedatrics: Normal/Good
Definition
child can hold briefly against resistance as expected for age. able to move through full ROM against the resistance of a small weight placed on the extremity
Term
Grading Strength in Pedatrics: fair
Definition
ability of the mm/mm group to move a segement through a complete ROM against gravity (vertical movement)
Term
Grading Strength in Pedatrics: poor
Definition
complete horizontal movement (gravity lessened) or a partial movement in the vertical plane
Term
Grading Strength in Pedatrics: trace
Definition
slight contraction (felt through palpation) w/o joint movement
Term
Grading Strength in Pedatrics: zero
Definition
no detectable contraction
Term
Grading Strength in Pedatrics: functional
Definition
normal for age or only slight delay. can accomplish age appropriate activity
Term
Grading Strength in Pedatrics: weak functional
Definition
moderate impairment or delay that affects activity pattern, BoS, or control against gravity, or decreases exploration
Term
Grading Strength in Pedatrics: non-functional
Definition
severe impairment or delay; activity pattern has only elements of correct muscular activity
Term
Grading Strength in Pedatrics: no function
Definition
cannot do activity
Term
Grading Strength in Pedatrics: alternative method not based on function or strength
Definition
characterization of weakness
Term
Grading Strength in Pedatrics: characterization of the weakness is an alternative method which is categorized how?
Definition
minimal, mild, moderate, or severe
Term
Grading Strength in Pedatrics: which system has the best intra-rater reliability?
Definition
characterization of weakness
Term
documentation of strength deficits must include what?
Definition
what the child cannot do functionally
Term
What must be considered prior to testing of strength in pediatrics?
Definition
effects of gravity, positioning
Term
Documenting strength: The PT should observe what (7)
Definition
spontaneous movements, functional activities, play, symmetry, coordination, smoothness in performance, effort, muscle power/relationships
Term
Documenting strength: in observing effort what must first be considered?
Definition
is there motivation
Term
Documenting strength: observation of muscle power can be demonstrated by what (5)
Definition
isometric, isotonic, eccentric, concentric control. agonist/antagonist relationship
Term
Documenting strength: Most important observation regardless of what is being tested?
Definition
what can the child do in their natural environment
Term
Documenting strength: ask teh parents about what?
Definition
what motivates/frustrates the child
Term
movement can refer to what (2)
Definition
both posture and movement
Term
muscle groups being tested in quadruped
Definition
head extensors, shoulder girdle, core, hips etc
Term
muscles being tested in horizontal suspension
Definition
all antigravity extensors
Term
antigravity extension progression from birth to 8 years old
Definition
raise head, extension with support at hips, airplane position
Term
hip and knee extension progression
Definition
maintain kneeling, squat and stand without falling
Term
what does hypotonicity feel like for the pt?
Definition
great effort to move agianst gravity. limbs feel heavy
Term
clinical examples of hypotonicity
Definition
global delay, down syndrome
Term
a strengthening program for hypertonicity should include what?
Definition
lengthen before you strengthen
Term
pt's with spina bifida have weakness d/t what?
Definition
lack of innervation
Term
important distinction in assessment of remaining muscle function for spina bifida patients
Definition
reflexive versus voltional movement
Term
spina bifida pt's should strengthen muscle groups which would assist with what?
Definition
efficiency with transfers, mobility, and potential ambulation
Term
spina bifida patients should work on what muscle groups for using AD's (2)
Definition
UE, trunk
Term
weakness from DMD is d/t what
Definition
neuromuscular deterioriation
Term
purpose of the DMD assessment (2)
Definition
assessing progression of the disease, reliable and sensitive to changes in strength
Term
parent education for DMD should include what
Definition
explaning pseduo-hypertrophy
Term
test to predict termination of walking in DMD
Definition
siegel method
Term
the siegel method to predict termination of walking states that what value is a good indicator for loss of independent ambulation within months?
Definition
combined lag of hip and knee extension of greater than 90 degrees
Term
the siegel method tests what simply?
Definition
antigravity extension
Term
the gower's maneuver is common to what diagnosis?
Definition
DMD
Term
what does the gower's maneuver indicate?
Definition
proximal weakness
Term
purpose of strengthening/conditioning programs for DMD (2)
Definition
slow progression of deterioration, maintain ability for everyday tasks
Term
purpose of strengthening/conditioning programs for DMD (2)
Definition
slow progression of deterioration, maintain ability for everyday tasks
Term
JIA: weakness is due to what?
Definition
joint pain/inactivity
Term
JIA: how should strength be tested?
Definition
isometric contractions at multiple angles
Term
JIA: when can dynamic testing (through the range be done)
Definition
absence of inflammation or joint damage
Term
JIA: MMT results can be affected by (6)
Definition
ROM limitations and stiffness, pain, deformity, anemia, specific mm atrophy, generalized chronic weakness
Term
JIA: if testing MMT what behaviors should be observed for?
Definition
guarding, rubbing, bracing, splinting
Term
JIA: when should testing be done?
Definition
at onset of disease/dx and tested periodically to monitor changes
Term
JIA: how should endurance strength testing be done?
Definition
not in the same day.
Term
JIA: important note about testing/exercise programs
Definition
warm ups
Term
JIA: what type of testing should be done? (2)
Definition
functional muscle groups, antigravity muscle groups
Term
JIA: this needs to be measured for symmetry
Definition
girth
Term
JIA: when should the PT focus on strengthening and increasing ROM
Definition
during remission
Term
CP: what is weakness d/t
Definition
spasticity, inactivity
Term
CP: transitioning form childhood to adolescent goal
Definition
maintain ability to ambulate through maximal strength and aerobic functioning
Term
CP: why can ambulation become difficult when transitioning from child to adolescence
Definition
increase in body mass, muscle mass, height without an increase in strength
Term
CP: the program must have what?
Definition
intensity beyond habitual or routine exercise or PE class
Term
define conditioning
Definition
fitness (strengthening, aerobic, ROM)
Term
define training
Definition
task-specific (gait-training, stair training)
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