#1 Striking: hand tools powered by human energy (Flat head axe, Battering ram, Sledgehammer) head is made of hardened steel. 

#2 Prying/ Spreading Hand tools: use to force entry into buildings (Haligan tool: consist of adz, pike and fork and can use flat headed axe a bite/ Pry bar, Hux Bar/ Crow Bar: use to force doors, windows and remove nails or separate building materials/ Pry Axe: cut and force open doors/ Hydraulic tools: used in vehicle extrication)

#3 Cutting Tools:used for cutting doors, roofs, walls, and floors, do not work as quickly as power tools, more reliable in many situations (Axe, Bolt Cutters, Circular saw

Lock tools/ Specialty tools: K Tool- designed to cut into cylinder/ A Tool: has a pry bar built into the cutting part of the tool- works similar to K tool/ J tool (panic bars) (: used in cars/ Bam Bam tool: case hardened screw, which is inserted and secured in the keyway of a lock. 

#1 Door: the entry way itself

#2 Jamb (the frame)

#3 Hardware:the handle, hinges, and other components)

#4 Locking mechanism. 

#1 Solid Core: solid core wood blocks

ex. Panel doors

#2 Hollow Core: lightweight honey comb interior. 

#3 Metal Doors: can be hollow or solid

#4 Glass: have a steel frame with tempered glass 

#1 Inward opening doors: Residential, flushed in, no hinges/ Forcing entry (Try before you pry!)- Shock, Gap, Set, Force. or break into a window or wall adjacent to the door. 

#2 Outward-Opening doors: Commercial/ Business will have hinges showing, designed so people can exit quickly. focing entry Gap, Set , Force with the Adz driving in then set, then force. 

#1 Constructed of tempered glass in a wooden or metal frame (difficult to open without breaking the glass)

#2 Revolving Doors: found in upscale building made of four glass panels with metal frame , panels are desinged to collapse forward, forcing entry: should be avoided whenver possible attacking the locking mechanism or breaking the glass. 

#1 Commercial Overhead doors: made up of metal panels or steel rods. forcing entry: try before you pry, teepee, rectangle, small tiangle in the corner, tie it off. / secure doors open! 

#2 Residential: may tilt or roll up.

#1 Glazed (transparent): made of glass

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#2 Regular or annealed glass:used for construction because it is inexpensive , larger peices are called plate glass, can easily be broken with a pike pole. 

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#3 Double Pane glass: used in many homes, it improves home insulation by using two panes of glass with an air pocket between them. 

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#4 Plate glass: is a stronger, thicker, used in large window opening (easily broken with sharp object and found in older large buildings, store fronts and residential sliding doors)

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#5 **Laminated glass: known as safety glass to prevent windows from shattering and causing injury. (used in vehicles, doors or windows/ High Rises.)

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#6 Tempered glass: heat treated, making it four times stronger than regular glass, found in rear of vehicles, in commericial door, newer sliding doors. breaks into small pellets without sharp edges to help prevent inury. 

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#1 Double Hung Window: have two movable sashes usually made of wood or vinyl that move up and down.

#2 Single- Hung Windows: similar to double, except upper sash is fixed and only the lower is movable. 

forcing with prying end of the halligan tool on the lower sash**

#3 Jalousie windows: made of adjustable section of tempered glass encased in a metal frame that overlap eachother when closed.  (avoid these windows, made up of tempered glass)

#4 Awning windows: has large panels than jalousie wndows

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#5 Horizontal Sliding doors: similar to sliding doors/ forcing: place a pry bar near the latch to break the latch or the plate. 

#6 Casement windows: have steel or wood frame have a slide hinge rather than a top hinge, should be avoided because they are diff. to open pg. 307. 

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#7 Projected windows: may open inward or outward also called factory windows found in older warehouse or commercial buildings (forcing: break window and open the locking mechanism) pg. 310

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Construction materials that present challenges to forcible entry 

A. Locks pg. 310

1. Cylindrical locks:most common fixed locks used today (forcing entry: place a pry bar and lever it to force the lock. 

2. Padlocks: most common locls on the market today, it inculudes key ways, combination wheels, or combination dials ex. American 2000 series also referred to as hockey puck lock. forcing entry: bolt cutters, The duck billed lock breaker:[image]

Bam bam tool, locking pliers

3. Mortise locks: latch and a bolt which operate independently from each other 

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Broken pieces of wood and shattered glass and sharp metal can cause serious injury. 

Mounted on the inside of a residence door.

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1. Load bearing walls: supports the building cieling and or rafters, removing these could cause the building to collapse.

2. Non-Bearing wall: can be removed without danger (also called partition walls)

Mayday procedures –

1.       Use radio and state “Mayday, Mayday, Mayday”.

2.       Give LUNAR Report

3.       Activate PASS device

4.       Attempt self-rescue

5.       If you’re able to move identify a safe-haven where you can await rescue

6.       Lie on your side In the fetal position with your pass device pointed out so that it can be heard.

7.       Point your flashlight towards the ceiling

8.       Slow your breathing as much as possible to conserve your air. 

#1 Hook 2nd rung with arms (right hand), then grab fourth rung, then rotate, then slide. (Called: hook two/ Slide to four method)

#2 Window Hang: one leg one arm inside on the sill for support. remain in position until a ladder is brough to you. 

#3 Hose Slides: always maintain four points of contact with feet knees and both hands

#1 Activate the pass device

#2 Communicate your surroundings

#3 Monitor Air control

#4 Turn on your flash light

#5 Make tapping noises against the floor

#6 look for exits 

#7 Stay Calm

#8 Stay low

#1 Reading Couplings: Find the male couplings, lugs on the coupling are larger and run through the whole length, follow the hoseline attached to the male coupling until you safely exit the structure***

#2 Entanglement emergencies: Swim or Sweep method

#3 Wall Breach

#4 Changing your SCBA Profile (non-removal method)-prone

#5 Partial removal method= loosen waist strap but dont remove! loosen shoulder strap then remove one shoulder

#6 Full removal method

One person walking assist, 2 person walking assist, 2 person seat carry, 2 person chair carry, Cradle in arms carry, Clothes drag, Blanket drag, Webbing sling drag, fire fighter drag, emergency drag from a vehicle and standing drag.

Methods to deliver air to a downed firefighter in order of most preferred to least preferred

1         UAC (Universal Air Connector)

2         Low Pressure Hose to MMR (Mask Mounted Regulator)

3         Shared Regulator

4         Rubber Tubing Method

#1 PAC: once downed f.f. is located Pass (turn off), Air/Asses (name, rank, and company idnetifier), Concsious f.f.(maintain physical contact until removed from IDLH) Then Communicate! to the RIC leader

a. Downed f.f. listen for exhalation 

#2 CAN: Conditions Actions and Needs Ric leader deliver to RIC Group supervisor. 

#3 UAC: Universal Air Connection pg. 39 

a. Emergency breathing system

b. Low pressure hose to mask mounted regulator

c. regulator exchange or full mask exhange

4. Last Resort Air Delivery 

a. Vinyl/Rubber tubbing

b. Shared regulator(shoulder to shoulder)

c. Shared facepiece