Disease

any process that detrimentally interferes with the functioning of the organism

Microbe/ Microorganism

a living organism to small to seen with the unaided eye

Pathogen

microorganism capable of causing disease

 Transcient Microbes

usually pathogen, transient microbes are easy to scrub off

Resident Microbes

Hard to scrub off, scrubbing just decreases the number of them

Infection

     relationship between a parasite and host, may cause disease of parasite is a pathogen.  Commonly used to refer to detrimental results of invasion by a pathogen.

Microflora or Normal Flora

 Microorganism normally found in healthy animals which may cause disease in weakened animals or if found in the wrong place.

Resistance

sum of all factors contributing to the ability of an animal to overcome pathogens

Sepsis

Presence of pathogens in the blood or tissues of patients

Asepsis

complete abscence of living pathogenic organisms

Sterile

Complete absence of microorganisms 

used to describe the condition of an item

Non-Sterile

an item that has not undergone a cleansing procedure 

Surgical Asepsis

     body of techniques designed to maintain an object or areas as free of all microorganisms as possible when body tissues are penetrated.

Medical Asepsis

techniques used to reduce microbe population in general and the transmission of pathogens in particular

Sanitation

to reduce the number of microbes to a safe level.  Any cleansing measure for preventing disease and maintaining health.

Disinfection

using an agent that can destroy or inhibit the growth of microorganisms.

 Sterilization

use of a process proven to rid an object of all living mocroorganisms

Disinfectant

agent that kills or inhibits growth of microorganisms when used on inanimate objects

Antiseptic

agents with properties of disenfectant but it is used on living tissue

Germicidal/ Microbicidal

implies that agent is effective against a wide variety of microorganisms

Bactericidal

Kills vegetative bacterial cells but not bacterial spores

Sporicidal

kills bacterial endospores

Virucidal

Kills viruses 

Fungicidal

Kills fungi

Tuberculocidal

capable of detroying bacteria that causes TB

Nosocomial Infections

infection aqquired at the hospital 

Bacteremia

bacteria in the bloodstream

Septicemia

bacteria growing and reproducing in the bloodstream

Pyremia

pus forming bacteria

Toxemia

toxic substances in the bloodstream

Sub clinical infections

no clinical signs appear or host has disease under control

Latent infection

caused when the host resistance is lowered and infection results

Secondary infection

when primary infection has the immunity lowered and allows another infection to take over

Detergent

chemical that contains free ions and leaves a film on surfaces

Anionic detergent

soap that has free negatively charges ions

Cationic detergent

soap that has free positively charged ions