Term
| What are the 7 named parts of a hinged surgical instrument? |
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Definition
| Tips, jaws, box lock pin, box lock, shank, ring handles, ratchet |
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Term
| List the most common scalpel blades, their associated handles and describe the shape of the blades. |
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Definition
No. 4 handle - 22 blade. A curved blade, with the cutting surface running the whole length of the curve and the underside
No. 3 handle - 15 blade: a teeny tiny 22
11 blade: a sharply triangular, straight blade |
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Term
| Describe how you should use a scalpel |
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Definition
| Hold in a 'finger tip' or 'pencil grip' and incise with pressure firm enough to complete the cut in one motion. Use the full length of the blade and create a cut that is at right angles to the surface of skin |
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Term
| Describe the incisive action of scissors versus that of a scalpel |
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Definition
| Scissors add a crushing component to the cut and are therefore more traumatic than the clean cut of a scalpel |
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Term
| What are the common types of scissors and what do they look like? |
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Definition
Mayo scissors - Straight or curved, blunt-blunt. Used for dissection and cutting strong tissue
Metzembaum - Usually curved, look similar to mayos, but the blades are shorter relative to the shank. They are more delicate than mayos
Iris - small, sharp-sharp
Blunt-sharps - NOT FOR TISSUES! Cut sutures and shit |
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Term
| How would you open the linea alba? |
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Definition
| Lift the linea alba with tissue forceps and insert the inverted scalpel to create a small incision. Insert the bottom blade of a pair of blunt-blunt scissors (mayo or metz). Hold the blades apart at an angle (45 I think...?) and apply tension in the opposite direction of the push cut. With even and smooth pressure, push the scissors down the linea alba to create the incision. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tweezer like instruments that are used for stabilising tissue, needles or swabs. They are held between the forefinger and the thumb |
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Term
| Describe the difference between tissue forceps and dressing forceps |
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Definition
Tissue - 'rat toothed'forceps that have triangular interlocking teeth
Dressing - forceps with cross hatching or other striations that are relatively flat. These will crush tissues |
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Term
| What are grasping forceps? |
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Definition
| These have a scissor grip and a ratchet. Allis and babcock are common tissue forceps. Allis have interlocking teeth, while babcock are smoother and 'rounder'. The gripping surfaces are finely striated |
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Term
| Describe some common types of haemostatic forceps |
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Definition
All can come in straight and curved
Halsted/Mosquito - Small and delicate with grooves running at right angles to the jaw
Crile - Longer and more robust, with grooves running all the way down to the box joint
Kelly - nearly identical to crile, but the grooves only run halfway down form the tips |
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Term
| Describe Rochester Carmalt forceps and their use |
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Definition
Long and robust with parallel grooves running the length of the jaws, with horizontal grooves at the tip.
They are used for ligating thick tissues, such as ovarian and uterine pedicles |
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Term
| What are the most common types of needle drivers, and what are their distinguishing features? |
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Definition
Most needle drivers have short, strong jaws and a strong box joint. Most are ratchting.
Mayo-Hegar - cross hatching on the jaws, with an insert for the needle
Olsen-Hegar - incorporates scisors just caudal to the gripping jaws
Mathieu - short, strong jaw, without ring grips. Designed to be palmed and is sping loaded and ratchets at the rear of the instrument
Gillies - those fucked up ones with the thumb bit halfway up the shank |
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