c. 2250 BCE

Akkadian

Mesopotamia

*Stele of Naram-Sin

-Depicts City of Dur Sharrukin

3400 to 3200 BCE

Sumer

Mes.

*Sumerians invent pictographs.

Uruk

c. 3200 BCE

Sumer

Mes.

*White Temple*

- built on an artificial mountain (called a ziggurat).

- dedicated to the sky god Anu.

- Bent Axis Approach.

- cella: inner chamber of the temple holding statues of gods.

Uruk

c. 3200 BCE

Sumer

Mes.

*The Warka Vase*

- The vase is read from bottom to top. (the water on the vase are the Tirgris and Euphrates Rivers) (includes plants, animals, and man).

- The vase has registers (or levels).

- the naked men are giving crops to the goddess as a votive offerings.

- The Horns on the woman signify divinity. Goddess Inanna.

Ur

c. 2600 BCE

Sumer

Mes.

- This is an allegorical scene: which means that the people have been substituted with animals acting like people.

c. 2250 BCE

Akkadian

Mes.

*Stele of Naram-Sin* 

- The stele depicts the city of Dur Sharrukin (Khorsabad), 720 to 705 BCE

- Lamassus from gate at Dur Sharrukin, 720 to 705 BCE

- The stele marks the passage to the temples. Shows winged foals with man heads.

Babylon

c. 575 BCE

Akkadian

Mes.

* Ishtar Gate *

- Animals in strict profile with straight legs

c.  3000 BCE

Egypt

* Narmer Palette *

- Horus - who is the falcon sky god. Horus is closely related to the king (or Pharoah). Horus watches over the king. The king is like a Horus on Earth.

- Kings compared themselves to bulls. Kings wore bulls tails to show that they were strong like bulls.

- Eastern ties: monsterous beasts shown together in symmetrical poses. (lioness).

c. 3000 to 2600 BCE

Egypt

*Egypt's Early Dynastic Period.

c. 2650 BCE

Egypt

* Hesire Panel *

- elite person but not the king.

c. 2500 BCE

Egypt

* Mekaure and Khamererenebty *

- Nemes headdress.

- standard Egyptian form of high ranked person.

- generic man and woman.

- women are shown with feminine form whereas mesopotamians did not show any anatomic difference between man and woman.

- men are darker than women.

c. 2500

Egypt

* Tomb of Ti, Saqqara *

- picture depicting the person's daily life or duties.

Early Dynastic Period.

c. 2500 BCE

Egypt

* Great Pyramids of Giza *

&

* Great Sphinx *

2100 BCE

Egypt

* Old Kingdom ends due to disunification of the old Kingdoms in Egypt.

1470 BCE

Egypt

* Hatshepsut *

- was a woman depicted as a man.

Deit el-Bahri

 c. 1470 BCE

Egypt

* Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut *

Edfu

237-47 BCE

Egypt

* Temple of Horus *

- Heiroglyph: pylon. a pylon is a heiroglyph that shows a mountain with a sunrise on the horizon.

- palace guarded by rams (which the rams stand for Amun, who was always depicted as a ram, was the chief god of Egypt).

c. 1350 BCE

Egypt

Amarna Period

*Statue of Akhenaton*

- Depicts an aton: which is an Egypitian solar disk.

c. 1323

Egypt

Knossos

1700-1400 BCE

Minoan

* Palace of Knossos *

- has an off center entrance.

- all of the buildings are faced toward the center, (meaning that is has no front).

- Minoan columns are tapered toward the bottom and have abacus echinus capitals (or tops).

- Minoan's used linear A script (which cannot be deciphered).

Knossos

c. 1600 BCE

Minoan

* "Snake Goddess " *

- the woman is shown with an open shirt with bare breasts.

- she is holding snakes with a cat on her head.

- this is evidence of a woman cult.

Knossos

c. 1650 BCE

Minoan

* "Bull leaping" *

- is a fresco

- The bull is large in Minoan Society.

Mycenae

c. 1300 to 1250 BCE

Greece

* "Lion" gate *

- this gate has an arch: any structure in which a gap is span by any structure smaller than the span. During this time the corbel arch is popular.

Mycaenae

c. 1400 to 1200 BCE

Greece

* The citadel of Tiryns *

- Megaron: this is a palace and throne room of a Mycaenean city.

- Shows a hearth with a hole in the roof.

- Kings platform is off to the side while Egyptian is a straight one.

Mycenae

c. 1300 to 1250 BCE

Greece

* "Treasury of Atreus" *

- Mycenaen tombs are circular.

- Corbel dome is uses, which is just a domed ceiling.

Mycenae

c. 1600 to 1500 BCE

Greece

* Funeary Mask *

- Masks made to resemble the dead person they looked like. This practice was similar to the Egyptians.

Athens

c. 740 BCE

Greece

Geometric Period

* Dipylon Vase *

- Shows a dead man with women lamenting his. (in the picture their hair is up.)

- shows horror vacui: which is a fear of blankness.

Corinth

c. 600s

Greece

Orientalizing Period

* Corinthian Vase *

- Athenian Vases are focused on people. Corinthian, more focused on animals.

- Oriental style is common.

7th Century (600s)

Greece

*Orientalizing Period

c. ...

Greece

* Exekias Vase *

- no more horror vacui.

- Achilles and Ajax.

- Exekias is an Athenian who used black figure technique in Greece during the Archaic Period.

c. 510 BCE

Greece

Archaic

* Euthymides Vase *

- Shows men drunk.

c. 600 BCE

Greece

Archaic

* The "Metropolitan" Kouros *

- from the early Archaic Period.

- a kouros is a a young man or boy.

600 to 480 BCE

Greece

*Archaic Period

-Unnatural smiles characteristic of Archaic Period.

c. 650

Greece

Archaic

* "Lady of Auxere" *

- stone woman with stiff hair

- Women were much more clothes than men.

c. 530

Greece

Archaic

* "Peplos Kore" *

- Kore means young woman.

- The smile gives a sense of life.

c. 450 BCE

Greece

Classical Period

* The "Doryphoros" *

-by Polykleitos

- The name means "the spear carrier".

- *contrapossto pose.

- no longer using creepy Archaic Smile.

c. 447 to 438 BCE

Greece

Classical Period

* The Parthenon *

- Ictinos and Kallikrates, 

- a temple to virgin Athena.

- This is a Doric temple.

- Has peripteral columns: which are columns that go all the way around the temple.

- Phineas: sculpture of Acropolis.

- Sometimes said to be a perfect Doric building.

c. 438 to 432

Greece

Classical

* Three Goddess *

- Pediment of the Parthenon

450 BCE

Greece

* Classical Period

- no longer using creepy Archaic Smile.

- Platonic (Plato Inspired) World View Theory:

- physical world is not a true reality.

- the world is an abstract numerical order.

-  chaotic matter of the bottom.