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Systems Theory, Role Theories
Springer - Social Work ASWB Master's Exam
24
Social Work
Post-Graduate
08/26/2019

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Term
system(s) (theory)
Definition
whole comprising component parts that work together. Applied to social work, systems theory views human behavior through larger contexts, such as members of families, communities, and broader society, Important to this theory is the concept that when one thing changes within a system, the whole system is affected.

Systems tend toward equilibrium and can have closed or open boundaries.
Term
systems theory applications to social work

1 of 5
Definition
Social workers need to understand interactions between the micro, mezzo, and macro levels
Term
systems theory applications to social work

2 of 5
Definition
Problems at one part of a system may be manifested at another
Term
systems theory applications to social work

3 of 5
Definition
Ecomaps and genograms can help to understand system dynamics.
Term
systems theory applications to social work

4 of 5
Definition
Understanding “person-in-environment” (PIE) is essential to identifying barriers or opportunities for change.
Term
systems theory applications to social work

5 of 5
Definition
Problems and change are viewed within larger contexts.
Term
Closed system
Definition
Uses up its energy and dies
Term
Differentiation
Definition
Becoming specialized in structure and function
Term
Entropy
Definition
Closed, disorganized, stagnant; using up available energy
Term
Equifinality
Definition
Arriving at the same end from different beginnings
Term
Homeostasis
Definition
Steady state
Term
Input
Definition
Obtaining resources from the environment that are necessary to attain the goals of the system
Term
Negative entropy
Definition
Exchange of energy and resources between systems that promote growth and transformation
Term
Open system
Definition
A system with cross-boundary exchange
Term
Output
Definition
A product of the system that exports to the environment
Term
Subsystem
Definition
A major component of a system made up of two or more interdependent components that interact in order to attain their own purpose(s) and the purpose(s) of the system in which they are embedded
Term
Suprasystem
Definition
An entity that is served by a number of component systems organized in interacting relationships
Term
Throughput
Definition
Energy that is integrated into the system so it can be used by the system to accomplish its goals
Term
Role Theories
Definition
A role is defined as the collection of expectations that accompany a particular social position. such as being students, friends, employees, spouses, or parents.

Each of these roles carries its own expectations about appropriate behavior, speech, attire, and so on.

Roles range from specific, in that they only apply to a certain setting, to diffuse, in that they apply across a range of situations. For example, gender roles influence behavior across many different contexts.
Term
Role ambiguity
Definition
lack of clarity of role
Term
Role complementarity
Definition
the role is carried out in an expected way (i.e., parent–child; social worker–client)
Term
Role discomplementarity
Definition
the role expectations of others differ from one’s own
Term
Role reversal
Definition
when two or more individuals switch roles
Term
Role conflict
Definition
incompatible or conflicting expectations
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