Term
| What type of hormone is insulin? |
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Definition
| Insulin is an anabolic hormone; it causes increased glucose uptake and storage of glucose, fatty acids, and amino acidsd |
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Term
| What is the function of the C peptide in insulin production? |
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Definition
| The C peptide is necessary for the appropriate folding of proinsulin and the correct pairing of disulfide bridges between the A and B chains |
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Term
| Where is insulin metabolized and inactivated? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the average basal peripheral plasma concentration of insulin? |
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Definition
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Term
| What causes the activation of B cells? |
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Definition
| High cellular glucose concentration |
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Term
| How would you describe the insulin release response? |
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Definition
Biphasic
First phase - rapid, transient release of stored insulin
Second phase - insulin synthesis |
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Term
| What is priming (in regards to insulin)? |
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Definition
| A brief exposure to elevated glucose levels enhances B cell responsiveness to later increases in the glucose concetration |
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Term
| What is potentiation (in regards to insulin)? |
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Definition
Certain agents in conjunction with glucose promote a much greater than additive insulin secretion response
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Term
| At what level must plasma glucose be maintained in order for adequate brain function? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is glucagon's dominant effect? |
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Definition
Liver
It has minimal effects upon adipose tissue or muscle |
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Term
| What are the basal levels of plasma glucagon? |
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Definition
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Term
Does somatostatin inhibit insulin or glucagon secretion?
Where is somatostatin produced? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of pancreatic peptide (PP)? |
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Definition
| PP is an inhibitor of exocrine pancreas function; it is secreted by pancreatic F cells |
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Term
| What controls PP secretion? |
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Definition
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