Term
| Do the testes form from the gonad cortex or medulla? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do the mesonephros, Wolffian duct become as a result of the androgens secreted by the testes? |
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Definition
| The mesonephros becomes the epididymus; the wolffian duct becomes the vas deferens, the seminal vesicles, and ejaculatory duct. |
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Term
| What happens to the Mullerian duct in males? How bout females? |
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Definition
| In males it regresses as a result of antimullerian hormone. In females, it becomes the fallopian tubes and uterus |
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Term
| Why is dihydrotestosterone necessary? |
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Definition
| B/c testosterone must be transformed into DHT before it can act on the external genital structures. Testerosterone acts directly upon the internal structures (Wolffian duct, etc.) |
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Term
| What is 5alpha-reductase used for? |
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Definition
| Converting testosterone to DHT. Without it, external genitalia may not form accordingly. In the absence of secretion of androgens by the fetal testes, the external genitalia default to female pattern |
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Term
| What is responsible for masculinizing the male brain? |
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Definition
| Estrogen. Aromatase converts testosterone to estrone and estradiol. Unknown why estrogens do not masculinize the female brain centers. |
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Term
| What happens during puberty in the male? |
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Definition
| LH and FSH levels rise. LH stimulates the formation of Leydig cells and testosterone. FSH stimulates teh sertoli cells which begin to support spermatogenesis. GnRH oversee both of these hormones. |
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Term
| Are spermatagonium haploid or diploid? What happens at birth? |
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Definition
Diploid with 46 chromosomes.
At birth they go into a suspended developmental state until puberty. |
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Term
| What happens to the spermatagonium at puberty? |
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Definition
| FSH and LH are secreted as a result of GnRH. Causes the spermatagonium to divide mitotically twice, thus forming 4 daughter cells. Ap cells become sperm, Ad cells go back and recycle. |
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Term
| How do the leydig cells work? |
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Definition
| They are activated by LH to convert cholesterol to testosterone. The sertoli cells use this testosterone to support the maturation of the germ cells |
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Term
| How do the sertoli cells function |
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Definition
| They have receptors for FSH, which makes them produce proteins that are associated with nurturing spermatids. |
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Term
| What does the p-450 aromatase do? |
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Definition
| It promotes the transformation of testosterone into estradiol |
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Term
| How is the male reproductive system regulated? |
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Definition
| By the hypothalamus, which secretes GnRH to release LH and FSHf |
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Term
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Definition
| Hormones that are produced by the sertoli cells that stimulate FSH release by the ant. pituitary. |
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Term
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Definition
| Family of glycoproteins that bind to activin and inhibit its ability to stimulate FSH by the pituitary gland. FSH suppressing |
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Term
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Definition
| Released from the sertoli cells to reduce the release of FSH |
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Term
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Definition
| Synthesized by 5alpha reductase. Is 30-50 times more potent than testosterone |
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