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Terminology/Ch. 13
The Endocrine System
44
Veterinary Medicine
Not Applicable
08/23/2012

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Term
Acidophil
Definition
Acid staining cell of anterior lobe of pituitary gland; secretes growth & lacogenic hormones.
Term
Adenohypophysis
Definition
Anterior lobe of pituitary gland (hypophysis) and distinguished from posterior lobe (neurohypophysis)
Term
Adrenal Gland
Definition
Glands located near the kidney
Term
Adrenaline
Definition
Adrenal medulla hormone; stimulates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands to assist body in meeting stress.
Term
Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)
Definition
Hormone of anterior pituitary gland that promotes growth and development of adrenal cortex and stimulates cortex to secrete glucocorticoids.
Term
Chorionic gonadotropin
Definition
Hormone secreted by cells of placental chorion
Term
Colloid
Definition
Gelatinous sub. in follicles of thyroid gland that contain hormone secreted by thyroid
Term
Cortex
Definition
Outer portion of adrenal gland
Term
Cortisol (hydrocortisone)
Definition
Adrenocortical glucocorticoid hormone
Term
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Definition
Anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates growth of ovarian follicles and secretion of estrogen in the female and dev. of semiferous tubes and sperm cells in male
Term
Glucocorticoid
Definition
Group of adrenocortical steriods that are concerned with protein, fat and carbohydrat metabolism and aid body in resisting stress
Term
Hormone
Definition
Chemical sub. secreted by endocrine gland
Term
Iodine
Definition
Essential element of thyroid hormone
Term
Islands of Langerhans
Definition
Specialized pancreatic cells secreting insulin, glucagon, and pancreatic polypedtide into circulation
Term
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Definition
Anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates formation of corpus luteum and progesterone in female and dev. and secretion of testosterone in interstitial cells of testes
Term
Medualla
Definition
Inner portion of adrenal glands producing epinephrine and nonrepinephrine
Term
Neurohypophysis
Definition
Posterior lobe of pituitary gland
Term
Norepinephrine (noradenaline)
Definition
Hormone secreted by adrenal medulla
Term
Oxytocin
Definition
Hormone of posterior lobe of pituitary gland that stimulates uterine contractions during parturition
Term
Parathyroid hormone
Definition
Parathyroid gland secretion that regulates calcium and phosphorus content of blood and bones
Term
Parathyroids
Definition
Glands, normally two on each side, behind or embedded in thyroid gland
Term
Pituitary gland
Definition
Master gland attached to base of brain that exercises control over other endocrine glands
Term
Progesterone
Definition
Hormone produced by corpus luteum, whose function is to prepare uterus to receive fertilized ovum
Term
Testosterone
Definition
Masculinizing hormone of testis that induces and maintains secondary sex characteristics
Term
Thyroid
Definition
Large gland situated on the front part of neck just below larynx
Term
Thyrotropin (Thyrotrophin)
Definition
Thyroid-stimulating hormone of anterior pituitary gland that promotes growth and dev. of the tyroid gland
Term
Thyroxine (T4)
Definition
One of two iodine-laden hormones making up thyroid hormone; main function is to regulate metabolic rate and processes of growth and tissue differentiation
Term
Vasopressin
Definition
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) of posterior pituitary
Term
Addison's disease
Definition
Life-treatening condition of adrenal insufficiency
Term
Anorexia
Definition
lack or loss of appetite
Term
Cushing's Syndrome/Hyperadrenocorticism
Definition
Pituitary basophilism, with excessive secretion of adrenocortical hormone
Term
Diabetes Insipidus
Definition
Metabolic disorder characterized by polyuria and polydipsia.
Term
Diabetes Mellitus
Definition
Metabolic disease caused by absolute or relative lack of insulin
Term
Hyperparathyroidism
Definition
Hyperfunction of parathyroid gland
Term
Hyperthyroidism
Definition
Overproduction of thyroid hormone, esp. in older cats
Term
Hypoparathyroidism
Definition
Insufficiency of parathyroid glands
Term
Hypothyroidism
Definition
Underfunction of thyroid gland
Term
Polydipsia
Definition
Excessive thirst, symptom of diabetes
Term
Polyuria
Definition
Excessive urination, symptom of diabetes
Term
Adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test (ACTH)
Definition
Stimulation test of adrenocortical function
Term
Radioactive iodine uptake test/thyroid 131 I uptake test (RAIU)
Definition
Thyroid function evaluated by introducing radioactive iodine orally or IV
Term
Tyroid hormone tests(T3/Triiodothyrinine, T4/Thyroxine, TBG/Thyroid-binding globulin)
Definition
Term
Cortisol test
Definition
Blood plasma test to measure levels of cortisol to detect disease of adrenal glands
Term
Thyroid stimulation test
Definition
Anterior pituitary thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) injected to determine whether thyroid problems result from pituitary or thyroid dysfunction
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