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Test 1
14th century italy - high renaissance
21
Art History
Undergraduate 1
03/02/2008

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Term
Humanism
Definition
A philosophy that emphasizes the worth of the individual, the rational abilities of humankind, and the human potential for good. During the Italian Renaissance. Humanism was part of a movement that encouraged the study of classical greek and roman culture, often coming into conflict with the doctrines of the classical church.
Term
Campanile/Campanilism
Definition
A bell tower, the root of the word is a kind of bias people have towards their town. Still very important in Italy, each town has a strong sense of self.
Term
Ghibeline/Guelph Parties
Definition
Ghibeline is pro-emperor and Guelph is pro-pope. They clash over the Florence town hall. Guelph party wins and rebuilds the Palazzo della Signoria (Palazzo Vecchio).
Term
Rustification
Definition
A masonry technique of laying rough-faced stones with sharply indented joints. Stone called pietra forte, meaning strong stone.
Term
Basilica of San Francesco
Definition

Built in honor of St. Francis from 1228-1253.

-          Built in Assisi

-          3 levels – lower and upper church and crypt

-          Open, typical of Franciscan church because preaching is done a lot

Term
Saint Francis
Definition
Born rich in Assisi, chooses life of a beggar. Died in 1226, named a saint 2 years later.
Term
Santa Croce
Definition

Typical Franciscan church with wide nave area, aimed at the largest public possible.

Term
Contrapposto
Definition
Stance where weight is shifted, axis of hip is shifted, one leg engaged, on leg relaxed. Used a lot in ancient sculpture.
Term
Tempura
Definition

Paint in a mixture of pigment, egg yolk, and pigment. Done on wood panel primed with a layer of gesso (plaster), sometimes enforced with a layer of linen. Gold leafing first and then paint after.

Term
Fresco
Definition
Pigment mixed with water and done on wet plaster. Painting must be done quickly before the plaster dries so it is necessary to pre-paint (Giornata).
Term
Maniera greca
Definition
Greek style painting
Term
Atmospheric Perspective
Definition
Forms along the horizon lose clarity as you get closer to the atmosphere, alteration of hue towards blue.
Term
Philip the Bold, Duke of Burgundy
Definition
Given Burgundy by his brother, King of France Charles V. Important collector of art (as symbol of status). Builds Chartreuse monastery.
Term
Trumeau
Definition
A central post supporting the lintel of a large doorway where it is frequently decorated by sculpture.
Term
Rising Perspective
Definition
A tilted perspective, used as a tool to show a lot of details.
Term
Grismele
Definition
Greytone in painting that mimics sculpture.
Term
Triptych
Definition
An alterpiece, either carved or painted with a central panel and two wings.
Term
Brunelleschi/Duomo
Definition
Had been unfinished for a long time because no one could build it. He uses a combination of medieval and Roman technology. It is based on pointed arches (meaning that the dome isn’t perfect half-circles). He created 2 separate domes and then attached them with a herringbone pattern that is light but strong and self-supporting.
Term
Or San Michele
Definition
A building in Florence at the center of the city that was once a granary. Different guilds sponsored a competition to craft sculptures to be on the sides of the building.
Term
Predella
Definition
The base of an alterpiece
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