Term
| * the male and female genital organs are homologous before 8 weeks gestation |
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Definition
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Term
| *production of sperm begins during fetal life |
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Definition
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Term
| *at puberty the uterus moves down from the abdomen to the lower pelvis between the bladder and rectum |
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Definition
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Term
| * estrogen is needed for closure of long bones after the growth spurt in puberty |
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Definition
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Term
| *prevention of constipation and treatment of chronic cough may help prevent uterine prolapse |
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Definition
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Term
| *in a person with endometriosis, endometrial tissue is sometimes found in the lungs |
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Definition
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Term
| *serum is plasma that has been altered in the laboratory to remove fibrinogen and other elements which are necessary to the sample |
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Definition
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Term
| *erythrocytes and platelets lack nuclei |
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Definition
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Term
| *aging causes major changes in blood composition |
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Definition
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Term
| *anemia of a chronic disease is initially normochromic and normocytic, but as the disease progresses usually becomes hypochromic and microcytic |
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Definition
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Term
| *a shift to the left describes the premature release of immature neutrophils when the demand for mature neutrophils exceeds demand |
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Definition
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Term
| *arterial thrombi are composed of erythrocytes with larger amounts of fibrin and very few platelets, whereas venous thrombi are composed of mostly platelets held together by fibrin strands |
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Definition
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Term
| *blood within the atria and ventricles does not supply oxygen to the cells of the heart |
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Definition
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Term
| *the sinoatrial node must be stimulated by the parasympathetic nervous system in order to produce an action potential |
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Definition
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Term
| *veins are less compliant than arteries |
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Definition
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Term
| *although the heart is innervated by the sympathetic nervous system, neural impulses are not needed to maintain the cardiac cycle |
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Definition
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|
Term
| *athersclerosis is an inflammatory disease |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| *decreasing low density lipoproteins can cause regression of atherosclerotic lesions and improve endothelial function |
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Definition
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|
Term
| *even though air is lighter than blood, it can form an embolism and cause occlusion of a blood vessel |
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Definition
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|
Term
| *reynaud disease is characterized by vasospasms of large peripheral arteries |
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Definition
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|
Term
| *angina pectoris is caused by myocardial ischemia |
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Definition
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Term
| *mitral valve prolapse may be asymptomatic |
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Definition
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Term
| *somogyi effect makes regulation of insulin dosing difficult |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| *the only complication of type 1 diabetes is diabetic neuropathy |
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Definition
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Term
| *polycythemia is a disease causing reduction in the number of circulating blood cells. |
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Definition
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Term
| *one complication of thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura is occlusion of capillaries |
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Definition
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Term
| *precapillary sphincters help to regulate the flow of oxygenated blood through capillaries |
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Definition
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|
Term
| *the most common cause of deep vein thrombosis is immobility |
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Definition
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|
Term
| *secondary dysmenorrhea occurs in the presence of pelvic disease |
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Definition
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|
Term
| *vulvitis is a form of dermatitis |
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Definition
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|
Term
| *sexual anorexia may be a manifestation of medication |
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Definition
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|
Term
| *80 percent of men 80 yrs of age experience benign prostatic hypertrophy |
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Definition
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|
Term
| *gynecomastia is inappropriate lactation |
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Definition
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|
Term
| *the primary cells of the immune response are lymphocytes |
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Definition
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|
Term
| *the active portion of bone marrow is yellow |
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Definition
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Term
____ are a pair of glands that lie posterior to the urinary bladder in a male.
a. seminal vesicles
b. prostate glands
c. cowpers glands
d. parabladder glands |
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Definition
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Term
which of the following is NOT a normal characteristic of aging in the male?
a. reduced sperm count
b. slower, less forceful ejaculation
c. testicular atrophy
d. longer time to achieve full erection |
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Definition
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Term
clinical manifestations in a female patient include irregular or heavy bleeding, passage of large clots and depletion of iron stores. The patient is experiencing:
a. premenstrual syndrome
b. dysfunctional uterine bleeding
c. ovarian syndrome
d. primar |
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Definition
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Term
what description is given when all or most of the cervical endothelium shows cellular features of carcinoma, but underlying tissue is not affected?
a. neoplasia
b. cervical dysplasia
c. cervical carcinoma in situ
d. invasive carcinoma of the cerix |
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Definition
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Term
what process occurs when columnar epithelium is replaced by squamous epithelium in the transformation zone?
a. dysphasia
b. aplasia
c. metaplasia
d. epithelasia |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ is a condition in which the foreskin cannot be retracted over the glans penis. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| ____ is a fibrotic condition that causes lateral curvature of the penis during erection, which is associated with a local vasculitis-like inflammatory reaction and decreased tissue oxygenation. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| _______ is the most common infectious cause of orchitis and usually affects postpubertal males. |
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Definition
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|
Term
symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia are a result of:
a. infection of the prostate
b. obstruction of the urethra
c. ischemia of the urethra
d. compression of the urethra |
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Definition
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Term
which characteristic of albumin is false?
a. albumin retains sodium to maintain water balance
b. albumin provides colloid oncotic pressure
c. albumin is synthesized in the liver
d. albumin is a carrier for calcium and some drugs |
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Definition
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|
Term
what is the lifespan of a RBC?
a. 20-30 days
b. 100-120 days
c. 200-240 days
d. indefinite |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what are characteristics of RBC's? |
|
Definition
| they can change shape to squeeze through the microcirculation |
|
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Term
| ______ are formed elements of the bllod that are not cells, but disk shaped cytoplasmic fragments essential for blood clotting. |
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Definition
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Term
cells that destroy some types of tumor cells and some virus cells without prior exposure are:
a. lymphocytes
b. plasma cells
c. megakaryocytes
d. natural killer cells |
|
Definition
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|
Term
where are mature RBC's removed from the blood stream?
a. liver
b. lymph nodes
c. thymus
d. spleen |
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Definition
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|
Term
The major physiological manifestation of anemia is:
a. hypotension
b. hyperesthesia
c. hypoxia
d. ischemia |
|
Definition
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|
Term
How does the body compensate for anemia?
a. increased rate and depth of breathing
b. capillary vasoconstriction
c. hemoglobin holds oxygen more firmly
d. kidneys release more erythropoietin |
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Definition
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|
Term
Treatment for polycythemia includes:
a. therapeutic phlebotomy and radioactive phosphorus
b. restoration of bllod volume by plasma expanders
c. iron replacement therapy
d. blood transfusions |
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Definition
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|
Term
| which cardiac chamber has the thinnest wall? |
|
Definition
| the right and left atria because they are low pressure chambers that serve as storage units for blood |
|
|
Term
| which chamber of the heart endures the highest pressure? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
what is the function of the papillary muscles?
a. they close the semilunar valves
b. they prevent backward expulsion from the atrioventricular valves
c. they close the atrioventricular valves
d. they open the semilunar valves |
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Definition
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|
Term
| oxygenated blood flows through the |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| what is the usual source of pulmonary emboli? |
|
Definition
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