Term
| BONES AND SKELETAL TISSUE FUNCTIONS |
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Definition
| SUPPORT AND PROTECT , MOVEMENT , MINERAL STORAGE , BLOOD CELL FORMATION |
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Term
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Definition
| THE EPITHELIAL MEMBRANE COVERING CARTILAGE OR NEWLY FORMING BONE BEFORE IT IS VASCULARIZED INBONE ONCE THE BLOOD VESSELS INVADE IT BECOMES THE PERIOSTEUM |
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Term
| CHARACTORISTICS OF CARTILAGE |
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Definition
| NO BLOOD VESSLES OR NERVES ,THERE ARE THREE TYPES OF CARTILAGE HYLENE CARTILAGE , ELASTIC , FIBROCARTILAGE |
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Term
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Definition
| THE MOST ABOUNDANT OF THE CARTILAGES IT COVERS THE ARTICULAR ENDS OF BONES ALSO IN THE RIBS OR COSTAL BONES IN RESPITORY AREA NAD NASAL AREA |
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Term
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Definition
| SIMALER TO HYLENE CARTILAGE WITH MORE FIBORS PRESENT IN MATRIX .. THIS CARTILAGE IS MORE FLEXABLE HELPS SUPPORT STRUCTURES IS FOUND IN THE OUTER EARS |
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Term
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Definition
| HIGHLY COMPRESSED HAS GREAT STRENGTH CONTAINS A LOT OF COLLAGEN FIBERS FOUND UNDER KNEE CAP (EXCEPT MINE ) IN THE INTERVERTTEBRAL DISC AND AND WHERE THE HIP BONES JOIN |
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Term
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Definition
| FIBROCARTILAGE GROWS IN TWO WAYS APPOSITIONAL GROWTH AND INTERSITITIAL GROWTH |
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Term
| APPOSITINAL GROWTH GROWTH IN WIDTH OF BONE |
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Definition
| CARTILAGE FORMING CELLS IN THE SURROUNDING PERICHONDRIUM SECRET NEW MATRIX AGAINST THE EXTERNAL FACES OR THE EXISTING CARTILAGE TISSUE |
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Term
| INTERSTITIAL GROWTH GROWTH IN LENGTH |
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Definition
| THE LACUNAE BOUND CHONROCYTES DIVIDE AND SECRETE NEW MATRIX EXPANDING THE CARTILAGE FROM WITH IN TYPICALLY CARTILAGE GROWTH ENDS DURING ADOLENSECENCE |
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Term
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Definition
| BONES CAN BE CLASSIFIED INTO ONE OF FOUR SHAPES , LONG , SHORT , FLAT AND IRREGULAR ALSO THERE ARE SESIMOID (YOUR KNEE CAP AND WORMIAN THE SMALL BONES IN THE SUTURES OF THE SKULLAR |
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Term
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Definition
| LONG BONES ARE AS THERE NAME STATES THEY ARE LONG THEN THEY ARE WIDE . LONG BONES THE LARGEST IS THE FEMOR OR LARGE UPPER LEG BONE |
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Term
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Definition
| SHORT BONES ARE ROUGHLY CUBED SHAPE EXAMPLES THE BONES IN THE WRIST AND ANKLE |
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Term
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Definition
| SHAPED LIKE A SESAME SEED ARE A SPECIAL TYPE OF SHORT BONES THAT FORM IN TENDON I.E. THE KNEE CAP THEY VARY IN SIZE AND NUMBER IN DIFFERENT INDIVIUALS |
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Term
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Definition
| LIKE THA NAME SAYS THEY ARE FLAT THESE ARE FOUND IN THE SKULL AND ARE THE RIB OR COSTAL BONES ALSO THE STERNUM AND SAPULAE (SHOULD BLADE ) |
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Term
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Definition
| HAVE COMPILCATED SHAPES THAT FIT IN NONE OF THE OTHER CLASSES , THESE ARE THE VERTIBRA |
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Term
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Definition
| THE FORMS THE LONG AXIS OF THE SKELETON , INCLUDES THE SKULL ,VERTEBRAL COLUMN AND RIB CAGE |
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Term
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Definition
| THIS IS EVERYTHING ELSE PERTAININT TO THE LIMBS AND THE BONES THAT THE LIMBS ATTACTH TO COLAR BONE, SHOULDER BLADES, HIP BONES, AND BONES OF THE ARMS ,AND LEGS |
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Term
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Definition
| THE PROCESS OF BONE FORMATION FOR MOST BONES IN THE BODY |
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Term
| INTRAMEMBRANOUS OSSIFACTION |
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Definition
| THIS IS THE MECHANSIM FOR FORMING THE BONES OF THE CRANIUM ,MANDIBLE AND CLAVICLE |
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Term
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Definition
| BONES BEGIN FORMING WHEN TTHE EMBRYO IS ONLY 6 WEEKS OLD, CELLS IN THE MEMBRANE DIFFERENTIATE AND BECOME OSTEOBLAST THAT PRODUCE MATRIX AND FIBORS BONES DEVELOP OUTWARD FROM OSSTIFICATION CENTERS IN THE MEBRANES CALLED SPICULES (SMALL STRUTS) |
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Term
| THE STEPS TO INTRAMEMBRANOUS OSSIFACTION |
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Definition
| 1 MESECHYMAL CELLS CLUSTER AND BECOME VASCULARIZED 2 OSTEOPROGENITOR CELLS FORM AND BECOME OSTEOBLAST 3 OSTEOBLAST BECOME CENTERS FOR OSSIFACATION 4 THE OSTEOBLAST PRODUCE MATRIX AND FIBERS TILL SURROUNDED THEN STOP AND BECOME OSTEOCYTES 5 WHEN COLLEGEN FIBERS DEPOSITON IS COMPLETE OSSIFACTION BEGINS CALCIFICATION ACCORS ONLY ON THE SURFACE OF COLLEGEN FIBERS 6 CANCELLOUS (SPOMNGY BONE ) ACCUMULATES AND LLATER IS REMODELED CHANGING MOST OF IT INTO COMPACT BONE |
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Term
| ENDROCHONDRAL OSSIFACATION |
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Definition
| ALL BONES EXCEPT THE CRANIAL MANDIBLE AND CLAVICLES FORM THIS WAY ,, THEY FORM FROM HYLEN CARTILAGE WHICH IS THEN BROKEN DOWN DURING FORMATION OF THE BONE , |
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Term
| OSTEOCLAST ( BONE DESTROYERS) |
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Definition
| AS LAYERS OF BONES ACCUMULATE TO WIDEN THE THE BONES OSTEOCLAST (BONE DESTRYERS) DESTROY THE INNER LAYER TO HOLLOW AND LIGHTEN THE BONES THAT HELPS FORM THE MARROW CAVITY AND LIGHTEN THE BONE . AS BONE LAYERS PROVIDE GROWTH IN LENGTH OLD CARTILAGE IS DESTROYED GROWTH AT THE EPIPHYSEAL PLATE STOP AT MATURITY A SCAR CALLED THE EPIPHYSEAQL LINE REMAINS |
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Term
| STEPS TO ENDROCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION 1 -4 |
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Definition
| 1 MESECHYMAL CELLS GROUP TO FORM A SHAPE TEMPLATE OF FUTURE BONES 2 THE MESENCHYMAL CELLS DIFFERENTIATE INTO CHONDROBLAST THAT PRODUCE CARTILADGE MATRIX 3 THE NUTRIENT ARTERY THAT SUPPLIES THE PERICHONDRIUM BREAK THROUGH THE NUTRIENT FOROMAN AT THE MID REGION AND STIMULATES THE OSTEOPROGENITOR CELLS IN THE PERICHONDRIUM TO PRODUCE OSTEOBLAST THE WHICH CHANGES THE PERICHONDRIUM INTO THE PERIOSTEUM AND STARTS THE FORMATION OF OSSIFACTION CENTERS,4 THE PERIOSTEUM CONTIJNUES TO DIVIDE AND IT'S DEVELPMENT CHONDROCYTES DEVIDE DEBIDE AND INCREASE MATRIX AND THEY DEVELOP INTO OSTEOBLAST |
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Term
| STEPS TO ENDROCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION 5 67 |
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Definition
| 5 THE PERICHONDRIAL MEMBRANE SURROUNDS THE THE SURFACE AND DEVELOPS NEW CHONDROBLAST 6 6 CHONROBLAST PRODUCE GROWTH IN WIDTH (APPOSITINAL GROWTH 7 CELLS AT THE CENTER OF THE CARTILAGE LYSE (BREAK APART CAUSING A SHIFT IN PH WHICH TRIGGERS CALCIFICATION |
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Term
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Definition
| THE DENSE OUTER BONE CLOSE TO AND ON THE BONE SURFACE HAS VERY SMALL AIR SPACES |
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Term
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Definition
| THIS IS THE BONE CLOSER TO THE CENTER IT IS LIGHTER AND HAS MUCH LARGER AIR SPACES HAS FLAT NEDDLE LIKE BEAMS CALLED TRABECULAE ( MEANING LITTLE BEAMS ) THE OPEN SPACES ARE FILLED WITH RED OR YELLOW BONE MARROW |
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Term
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Definition
| THIS IS THE SHAFT OF THE BONE IT IS CONSTUCTED OF RELATIVLY THICK COLLAR OF COMPACT BONE |
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Term
| MEDULLARY CAVITY (MARROW) |
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Definition
| IN ADULTS THE MEDULLARY CAVITY CONTAINS YELLOW MARROW IT IS A STORAGE PLACE |
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Term
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Definition
| SINGULAR THE EPIPYSIS THESE ARE THE ENDS OF THE BONES ,THERE IS A DISTAL EPIPHYSIS , AND THERE IS A PROXIMAL EPPHYSIS THE JOINT SURFACE OF THE EPIPHYSIS IS COVERED WITH A THIN LAYER OF ARTICULAR (HYLENE) CARTILAGEWHICH CUSHIONS THE APPOSING BONE ENDS DURING JOINT MOVEMENT AND ABSORBS STRESS |
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Term
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Definition
| THIS IS THE VISABLE SCAR ON THE OUTSIDE OF THE BONE NEAR THE ENDS IT IS A REMANT OF THE EPIPHYSEAL (WHERE BONE LENGTH GROWTH TAKES PLACE |
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Term
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Definition
| A DISC OF HYLENE CARTILAGE IN THE MIDDLE OF THE END OF A LONG BONE THIS IS WHER THE LONG BONE LENGTH GROWTH TAKES PLACE DURING CHILDHOOD THIS IS ALSO THE PLACE WHERE THE DIAPHYSIS AND EPIPHYSIS JOIN |
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Term
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Definition
| THE OUTER COVERING OF THE BONE , THE OUTER FIBROOUS LAYER IS DENSE IRREGULAR CT THE INNER OSTEOGENIC LAYER ABUTTING THE BONE SURFACE CONSISTS PRIMARILY OF BONE FORMING CELLS CALLED OETEOBLAST |
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Term
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Definition
| BAY BONE CELLS ALSO CALLED BONE BUIDERS |
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Term
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Definition
| ADUALT BONE CELLS LOCATE IN THE LACUNA |
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Term
| OSTEOCLAST (BONE DESTORYERS) |
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Definition
| HELP TO BREAK DOWN OLD BONE CELLS THEY MAKE THE BONES LIGHTER AND HELP TO RETURN STORED CALCIUM TO THE BLOOD STREAM |
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Term
| PERFORATING (SHARPEY'S) FIBORS |
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Definition
| HOLD THE PERIOSTEUM TO THE BONE SURFACE |
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Term
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Definition
| THE INSIDE LINING OF THE MARROW CAVITY IT COVERS THE TRABECULE OF SPONGY BONES AND LINES THE CANALS THAT PASS THROUGH THE COMPACT BONE .LIKE THE PERIOSTEUM IT CANTAINS BOTH OSTEOBLAST AND OSTEOCLAST |
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Term
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Definition
| IT MAKES UP THE CENTER OF BONES IN ALL ADULTS IT IS A STORAGE AREA FOR FAT FUEL FOR BONE CELLS |
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Term
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Definition
| THIS IS FOUND IN THE SPONGY BONE ARE AT THE END OF LONG BONES IT IS WHERE BLOD CELLS ARE PRODUCED IT IS ALSO FOUND IN THE DILOE AREA OF FLAT BONES FOR THIS REASON THESE AREAS ARE OFTEN REFERED TO AS THE RED BONE MARROW CAVITIES |
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Term
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Definition
| THIS IS THS SPONGY BONE AREA OF FLAT BONE IT IS WHERE THE RED BONE MARROW IS FOUND IN THESE BONES |
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Term
| OSTEON ALSO CALLED THE HAVERSIAN SYSTEM |
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Definition
| A STRUCTURAL UNIT OF COMPACT BONE |
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Term
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Definition
| THESE ARE THE RINGS IN THE OSTEON ONE INSIDE THE OTHER MOST LOOK LIKE ONE CIRCLE INSIDE ANOTHR UNDER THE MICROSCOPE BUT SOME ARE SPREAD OUT TO FILL THE SPACE INBETWEEN OSRTEON |
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Term
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Definition
| THE CARTILAGE THAT MAKE UP THE LEMELLA RUN IN OPPISITE DIRECTIN TO EACH OTHER THIS ALTERNATING PATTERN IS DESIGN TO WITHSTAND TORISION STRESS THEY REENFORCE EACH OTHER TO RESIST TWISTING |
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Term
| HAVERSIAN OR CENTRAL CANAL |
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Definition
| THIS IS THE CENTER OF THE OSTEON IT CONTAINS SMALL BLOOD VESSELS AND NERVES THAT SRVE THE NEEDS OF OF THE OSTEON'S CELLS |
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Term
| PERFORATING , OR VOLKMANN'S CANALS |
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Definition
| LIE AT RIGHT ANGLES TO TO THE LANG AXIS OF OF THE BONE AND CONNECT RHE BLOOD AND NERVE SUPPLY OF THE PERIOSYEUM TO THOSE OF THE CENTRAL CANAL |
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Term
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Definition
| SMALL OPENING AT THE JUNCTION OF THE LAMELLA THIS IS WHERE THE OSTEOCYTES ARE LOCATED ALL OF THE LITTLE OSTEOCYTES HAVE SPIDER LIKE ARMS THAT ATTACH TO EACH OTHER THROUGH THE CANALICULI |
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Term
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Definition
| THES STRUSTURE CONNECT THE LACUNAE TO EACH OTHER THIS IS WHERE THE SPIDERY LIKE LITTLE ARMS OF THE OSTEOCYTES REACH THROUGH TO KEEP IN CONTACT WITH EACH OTHER |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| THESE ARE MINERAL SALTS 65 % MOF BONE MASS MAINLY CALCIUM PHOSPATE |
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Term
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Definition
| IS THE SMALL HOLE IN THE BONE WHERE THE VESSELS PASS THROUGH |
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Term
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Definition
| ARE THE ORGANIC PART OF THE MATRIX WHEN IT IS UNMINERALIZED COMPOSED OF PROTEOGLYCANS AND GLYCOPROTIENS AND COLOGEN |
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Term
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Definition
| THIS SIGNALS THE THE OSTEOCLAST TO DEGRADE BONE MATRIX AND RELEASE CALCIUM INTO THE BLOOD STREAM |
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Term
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Definition
| THIS IS RELEASED WHEN THERE IS TOO MUCH CALCIUM IN THE BLOOD STREAM AND IT TRIGGERS THE BONES TO DEPOSIT CALCUIM IN THEIR STORES |
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Term
| BONE REMODELING (HEALING ) |
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Definition
| THIS IS WHAT HAPPENS WHEN BONES ARE BROKEN OR FRACTURED THERE ARE SEVEN STEPS TP THIS |
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Term
| STEPS TO BONE HEALING 1 - 4 |
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Definition
| 1 A HEMATOMA FORMS THIS ALLOWS THE FLUIDS TO BUILD UP SO WHITE BLOOD CELLS ECT CAN ENTER 2 BONE CELLS AT THE SITE OF THE INJURY DIE 3 SWELLING AND IMFLAMATION AND FILTRATION BY PHOGOCYTES BEGINE 4 NEW BLOOD VESSELS INFILTRATE AND THE PRECALLUS FORMS WHICH LAST ABOUT THREE WEEKS |
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Term
| STEPS TO BONE HEALING 5-9 |
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Definition
| 5 OSTEOBLAST AND OSTEOPROGENITOR CELLS INVADE 6 OSTEOBLAST PRODUCE COLLEGEN FIBERS AND THE OSTEOPROGENITERS PRODUCE CHONDROBLAST THAT STRAT THE FORMATION OF FIBROCARTILAGE 7 A BONEY CALLUS FORMS 8 REMODELING OF THE CALLUS ACCURS AND THE DEAD PARTS ARE ABSORBED BY OSTEOCLAST 9 COMPACT BONE REPLACES THE SPONGY BONE AT THE PERIPHERY OF THE FRACTURE |
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Term
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Definition
| A PARTIAL BREAK UNDER THE SKIN |
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Term
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Definition
| THE DITOL END OF THE RADUIS BONE IN LOWER ARM |
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Term
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Definition
| THE BONE SPLINTERS COMMON IN THE ELDERLY |
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Term
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Definition
| THAT IS WHEN THE BONE IS FRACTURED ALL THE THE WAY THROUGH |
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Term
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Definition
| BONES ARE CRUSHED AS IN THE SPINE ALSO COMMON IN THE ELDERLY |
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Term
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Definition
| USUALLY IN FLAT BONES CAUSED BY A BLOW TO THE BONE LIKE SOME ONE TAKING A BASE BALL BAT TO YOUR HEAD YOU BETTER DUCK |
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Term
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Definition
| A LEADING INDICATOR OF CHILD ABUSE THIS IS WHEN ONE SIDE OF THE BONE FRACTURES AND THE OTHER SIDE WILL BEND LIKE A GREEN STICK THUS THE NAME |
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Term
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Definition
| THIS IS WHEN THE FRACTURE BREAKS THROUGH THE SKIN ONE OF THE MOST DANGEROUS BECAUSE OF THE CHANCE OF INFECTION WITHIN THE BONE IT'S SELF |
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Term
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Definition
| THIS ON THE DISTAL END OF THE FIBULA |
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Term
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Definition
| THIS IS A TWISTED BREAK COMMON IN SPORTS INJURIES |
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Term
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Definition
| THESE ARE MICROSCOPIC FRACTIONS OF THE BONE |
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Term
| OSTOMALACIA /RICKETS IN CHILDREN |
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Definition
| THIS INCLUDES A NUMBER OF DISORDERS IN WHICH THE BONE ARE INADEQUATELY MINERALIZED OSTEOID IS PRODUCED BUT BUT CALCIUM IS NOT DEPOSITED SO BONES SOFTEN AND WEAKEN RICKETS IN CHILDREN IS MORE SEVERE CAUSING BOWED BONES |
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Term
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Definition
| THIS IS A GRUP OF DISORDERS WHERE BONE RESORPTION OUT PACES BONE DEPOSIT |
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Term
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Definition
| IS A DISORDER OF OSTEOCLAST CHARACTERIZED BY A HAPHAZARD BONE DEPOSITS AND RESORPTION |
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