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Test #3
Weathering, water, and topography
25
Geology
Undergraduate 2
11/24/2008

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Cards

Term
Erosion
Definition
wear down material transported by water, wind, or ice.
Term
Water 2 Main factors
Definition
surface and streams..... ground water
Term
Distribution of Water on Earth
Definition
97% is salt and 3% is fresh (lakes, streams, glaciers, ice, and groundwater)
Term
Fresh Water
Definition
78% of fresh water is locked up in ice 21.5% is found in ground water
Term
Precipitation in US
Definition
10" snow = 1" rain US average=30 in./year
Term
Gradient
Definition
change in y divided by change in x ris over run
Term
Slope of stream notes
Definition
all slopes down have a negative sign and up have a positive sign... miles = horizontal... feet = vertical axis
Term
Stream gradients calculation
Definition
drop in feet divided by run (distance) in miles
Term
Base Level
Definition
limit to down cutting of a stream (elevation)
Term
Local Base Level
Definition
mainstream is the local base level for its tributaries when they join main stream and point as acute angles
Term
Universal Base Level
Definition
limit to down cutting of all the world's streams=sea level ocean
Term
3 Stages of stream and valley development
Definition
young-early mature-middle old-late
Term
Young stream
Definition
no floodplain, stream down cutting, fills valley floor is v-shaped in cross section
Term
Mature stream
Definition
floodplain is developed, stream meanders is present, see cliffs or distinct valley walls at edge of flood plain
Term
Old stream
Definition
stream meanders over a vast floodplain (width is several times the width of the meranda belt)
Term
Geological work of a stream
Definition
erosion-transport-deposited
Term
Erosion
Definition
dissolves-weak acid dissolves rock or flowing water sands rock to smooth
Term
Load
Definition
material carried by stream
Term
Silt
Definition
In between sand and clay
Term
Deposition
Definition
in terms of features that result in point bar (sand on gravel)
Term
Stream Meandering
Definition
stream moves in serpentive fashion over flood plain by erosion on outside of the bend and by deposition on inside of bed
Term
Delta
Definition
triangular of fan-shaped deposit at the mouth of a stream where it flows into a body of water
Term
Natural levee
Definition
EX: Yazoo stream
Term
Rejuvenation
Definition
a "sometimes" stage of stream development, results in a change in base level EX: Colorado Plateau
Term
Folding
Definition
bending of layers of rock
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