Term
| Functions of Urinary system- |
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Definition
Regulate blood concentration of many different substances
Filter blood plasma
Help regulate blood pH
Help maintain electrolytes and water balance |
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Term
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Definition
| Ureter-transports urine toward urinary bladder by peristaltic contractions (wave like) |
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Term
urinary bladder
function
holds how much urine |
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Definition
| Urinary bladder-temporarily stores urine prior to excretion can hold 750-100ml, when 60% full urge to urinate is activated |
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Term
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Definition
| Urethra- moves urine to exterior |
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Term
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Definition
| Kidney- filter materials from the blood and determined what substances will be “dumped” into the urine. |
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Term
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Definition
| functional unit of the kidney that does much of the filtering of the blood. |
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Term
| Ureter and bladder has same 3 layers |
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Definition
Ureter and bladder has same 3 layers
1. mucosa-consist of epithelial and goblet cells which are continuous with the nephrons and collecting ducts
2. muscular –smooth muscles that help propel fluid through the ureter
3. fibrous-connective tissue and protect and hold in space |
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Term
| Functional unit of the urinary system- |
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Definition
Nephron- (once the filtered fluid leaves the nephrons it is almost urine)
Consists of Bowman’s capsule; proximal convoluted tube, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tube |
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Term
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Definition
| Alveoli = milk producing cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Secondary tubules= milk from the alveoli and conveyed to the secondary tubules |
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Term
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Definition
| Mammary ducts= secondary tubules join to form mammary ducts |
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Term
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Definition
| Lactiferous sinus= mammary ducts swell some forming lactiferous sinus |
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Term
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Definition
| Lactiferous ducts= lactiferous sinus narrow forming lactiferous ducts at the end of each nipple |
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Term
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Definition
| Nipple= the raised area around the breast, contain a lot of touch receptors |
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Term
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Definition
| Areola= brownish pigment area surrounding nipple |
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Term
| Suspensory (coopers) ligament |
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Definition
| Suspensory (Coopers) ligament = support ligaments for the breast,as women age these ligaments tend to droop and sag |
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Term
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Definition
| Mons pubis= a rounded elevated fat pad in front of the symphysis pubic and above clitoris, covered with pubic hair in a mature female |
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Term
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Definition
| Labia majoria= the outer two folds of skin, covered with pubic hair overlie, subcutaneous fat |
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Term
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Definition
| Labia minora= medial and deep to the labia majora, consists of two inner folds of mucous membranes no hair |
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Term
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Definition
| Clitoris=erectile tissue above the urthera and (female penis) |
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Term
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Definition
| Vestibule= area within the folds of lbia minora, consists of opening for the vagina, opening of urtherea and bartholins gland |
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Term
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Definition
| Bartholin gland= glands found on either side labia minor, function to furnish fluid for lubrication to reduce friction during intercourse. Acts as natural spermicide, acid environment reduces infections of vagina |
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Term
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Definition
| Hymen=covers the vagina opening of young females |
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Term
| difference in urethra of male and female |
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Definition
female urthera shorter so most likely to have more UTI
In male urinary and reproductive tact the same |
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Term
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Definition
| Ovaries=both reproductive and endocrine gland produce eggs, release hormones (inhibin, relaxin, estrogen and progesterone |
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Term
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Definition
| Fallopian tubes=tube from ovary to uterus |
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Term
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Definition
| Cervix= located between the uterus and vagina, short and highly muscular |
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Term
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Definition
| Fundus=widen area at the opposite end of the uterous from the cervix (this is the area where egg is implanted) |
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Term
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Definition
| Uterus=highly pear shaped sac that tilts slightly anterior at its base |
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Term
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Definition
| Vagina=act as female copulatory organ during sexual intercourse; receptacle for sperm, birth canal during child birth, excretory duct for the product of menstruation |
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Term
| testes; function hormones produced |
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Definition
| Testes= in pouch hanging from body (less body temperature) so can produce sperm. (Considered endocrine and reproductive organs; produce hormone inhibin and testosterone |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Epididymis= (20 foot in length) lives above and to the side of each testis. Spermatoza will be stored for a time this is where they begin to again the ability to be motile. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ductus Vas deferens= continuous with epididymis widens and straightens to become the ductus. Passes through the scrotum into pelvic cavity, behind urinary bladder, and then joins on of the ducts from the seminal vesicle gland form an ejaculatory duct within the prostate gland. |
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Term
| Describe the function of seminal vesicles: |
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Definition
| Produces 50-60% of fluid found in semen. Seminal fluid provides nutrients, especially sugar fructose, giving spermatozoa the energy to travel up the female track. Substances in fluid also improve motility. |
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Term
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Definition
| Prostate gland: function provides about 25% of component for semen. Stimulates motility, has alkaline pH with netuilizes acid environment. Prostate rich in zinc because it stimulates smooth muscle contraction. |
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Term
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Definition
| Bulbourethal gland (Cowpers) produces 2 secretions. (pre-ejaculation watery substance- flush lining to free urethra of urine and a coagulation or gelling secretion to protect sperm in womans reproductive tract) |
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Term
| List the 2 interactive cycles of the menstrual cycle: |
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Definition
1. Uterine cycle: (menstrual, proliferative and secretory)-series of changes in endometrium of non-pregnant women. Preparing to receive fertilized egg, when doesn’t happen it sloughs off.
2. ovarian cycle: events associated with maturation of the ovum |
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Term
Duration of menstrual cycle:
(which day most fertile) |
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Definition
| duration of cycle varies from 24-35 days, average 28 days (most fertile at 29.5 days) |
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Term
| Function of digestive system |
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Definition
| Function of Digestive system: to transfer nutrients, salts, and water from external environment (small intestine) to internal environment (blood) |
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Term
| To major process of digestive system: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Mix salvia with food to make it slimy and easier to travel down the throat; keep the mass of food pressed between the teeth for more effective chewing, push the food backwards for the process of swallowing |
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Term
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Definition
| Taste buds distinguished (bitter, sweet, sour, and salty) |
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Term
| Salivary glands (name the three pairs) |
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Definition
Parotid=largest in front of ears near 2nd molars of upper jaw
Submandibular = found in front of the angle of the mandible; empties at side of frenulum
Sublingual= smallest found beneath floor of mouth where it empties it salvia |
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Term
| Amylase (protein in mouth) |
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Definition
| Amylase= enzyme; acts a polysaccharide, and breaks these carbohydrates into smaller units of polysaccharides and disaccharides (action stops once reaches stomach) |
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Term
| Mucins (protein in mouth) |
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Definition
| Mucins=proteins associated with mucus, helps to lubricate food, allowing food to pass without friction in esophagus |
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Term
| describe the three decidua layers |
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Definition
Decidua parietalis= lines entire pregnant uterus except area where placenta is forming
Decidua capsularis=overlies developing embryo
Decidua basalis=located between the corion and the muscularis of the uterus |
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