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Textile Final
Fashion Textile
46
Fine Art
Undergraduate 2
04/25/2014

Additional Fine Art Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Name two (2) natural fibers

Definition
silk cotton
Term

Name two (2) manufactured fibers 

Definition
nylon polyester
Term

Name one (1) fiber performance property and define it 

Definition
Durability - The ability of a fabric to resist wear through continual use
Term

What is a favorable property of cotton

Definition
strength and absorbancy
Term

What is a favorable property of polyester

Definition
high elastic recovery and abraison resistance
Term

Why add spandex (lycra) to a woven fabric 

Definition
Lycra is a major element of knitted apparel because it improves the fabric quality and keeps it from stretching out. Woven fabrics are now looking to that quality image with the inclusion of Lycra.
Term

What is a reason for having a fabric with a fiber blend of polyester/cotton

Definition
to give the consumer the benefits of both

Read more: http://www.ehow.com/about_5114277_polyester-cotton-blend.html#ixzz2zxz4sscs
Term

Know  spun yarn and filament yarn

Definition
Spun yarns
(made from short, staple fibers)

Filament yarns
(made from continuous filament fibers)
Term

Define novelty yarns and chenille yarn

Definition
novelty yarns
, typically made of two or
more stands, are produced
to provide decorative surface effects.

Chenille
yarns are pile yarns that are
often made by slitting leno
weave fabrics into narrow strips in the warp direction.
Term

Know Carded yarn and combed yarn 

Definition
Finer, smoother, better quality cotton yarns, known as
combed
cotton yarns
, are produced by combing the
fibers prior to spinning.

carding, In yarn production, a process of separating individual fibres, causing many of them to lie parallel and removing most of the remaining impurities
Term

Name two (2) types of weaves 

Definition
satin and plain
Term

Name two (2) types of knits  

Definition
Weft knit A weft knit is made with a single yarn looped horizontally to form a row, or course, with each row building on the previous one

Warp knit A warp knit is made with numerous parallel yarns that are looped vertically at the same time
Term

Know Warp ends and filling picks

Definition
length wise (w) and widthwise (f)
Term

Know Wales and courses 

Definition
the yarn in knitted fabrics follows a meandering path (a course)

A sequence of stitches in which each stitch is suspended from the next is called a wale
Term

What is an example of a cut-pile fabric.  

Definition
velvet
Term

Know The term jacquard

Definition
woven-in pattern made by special looms which control individual weaving threads in warp to produce complicated patterns
Term

Know Weft knit and warp knit

Definition
warp knits

A kind of knitting in which a number of threads are chained with one or more contiguous threads on either side. Resistant to runs and relatively easy to sew.

weft knitting, the wales are perpendicular to the course of the yarn
Term

Name a nonwoven textile

Definition
felt
Term

What is Felt

Definition
a textile that is produced by matting, condensing and pressing fibres together
Term

What is Quilted material 

Definition
Two or more layers of cloth with padding between that is stitched by hand, machine, or chemical methods, usually in a pattern
Term

What is Lace fabrics 

Definition
Lace is an open work fabric consisting of a network of yarns formed into intricate designs. Lace may be hand or machine made, and intricate pattern scan be produced by either technique

Read more: http://textilelearner.blogspot.com/2012/05/main-features-of-lace-fabric-parts-of.html#ixzz2zyIVCvdm
Term

Define the pile of a fabric

Definition
Fabric with cut or uncut loops which stand up densely on the surface. Not to be confused with napped fabrics, which have brushed surfaces. Velvets, plushes, velveteens and corduroy are cut pile fabrics. Epingles are uncut pile fabrics.
Term

Know Colorfastness 

Definition
A material's degree of resistance to the fading effect of light.
Term

Define labdips  and dyelots 

Definition
A dye lot is a record taken during the dyeing of yarn to identify yarn that received its coloration in the same vat at the same time

A lab dip is a swatch of fabric test dyed to hit a color standard
Term
What are the 2 color management systems/pieces of equipment that are used to create and approve labdips and dyelots
Definition
Spectophotometer and light box
Term
  1. Yarn dyeing 
Definition
The application of color to fiber after it is spun into yarn and before it is woven. Checks, stripes and plaids are typically woven in yarn-dyed cloths.
Term
  1. Define a burnout print 
Definition
Printing with a chemical substance that destroys the fiber in the pattern design print area.
Term
  1. Name a trim 
Definition
fringe
Term
  1. Define strike off 
Definition
strike off is a printer's 1st attempt at the print (usually a small amount) in order to gain approval prior to proceeding to the full amount of yardage needed.
Term
  1. What is Finishing 
Definition
complete the manufacture or decoration of (a material, object, or place) by giving it an attractive surface appearance
Term
  1. Define aesthetic finish 
Definition
Changes the appearance and/ or hand of fabrics.
These are applied designs
Quick to incorporate and less expensive than structural designs
Can be permanent, durable or temporary design
Process may damage/ weaken the fabric
Term
  1. Define functional finish
Definition
A special finish added to a fabric as une of the final steps in its manufacture that alters the performance and contributes a specific attribute to the fabric in some way. A water repellent finish, for example, is a functional finish because it prevents water from penetrating the fabric, thereby changing the function of the fabric.
Term
  1. Name one fabric care symbol 
Definition
hand wash. (pic of hand in water bucket)
Term
  1. Define thread count
Definition
Thread Count refers to the number of horizontal and vertical threads in one square inch of fabric.
Term
  1. What are Narrow fabrics 
Definition
Woven fabric generally not exceeding 45 cm (18 in) in width
Term
  1. Know yarn dyes 
Definition
?
Term
  1. Know Faux fur 
Definition
Fake fur, also called fun fur or faux fur, is any material made of synthetic fibers designed to resemble fur, normally as part of a piece of clothing.
Term
  1. Define wicking
Definition
Ability of a fiber/fabric to pass moisture to surface for evaporation
Term
  1. Know the  most common weave 
Definition
plain
Term
  1. Know napping
Definition
Various fabrics finished with a brushing that raises the surface.
Term
  1. Name an advantage of digital printing vs. screen printing
Definition
digital printing prints thinner than screen printing and allows for more detail/ intricate printing
Term
  1. Know upholstery fabric descriptions
Definition

thicker and heavier than apparel fabrics in general have the following properties:

High abrasion resistance
Nice hand
Colorfastness to crocking, light, environmental pollutants
High resistance to seam slipping
Low fabric pilling

 

Flame resistant finish
Term
  1. Know 2 market segments for textiles for the interior
Definition
residential and commercial
Term
  1. Know quality of towels
Definition
Prima or Egyptian cotton is used on better quality towelsma or Egyptian cotton is used on better quality towels
Density of the pile – closeness

of the loops

Height of pile
Yarn strength and twist

Low twist yarns = better absorbency but shed more

Longer loop = more absorbent and long to dry

3) Flat towels – wovens swatch #
Bath towels, hand towels, wash cloths, beach towels, kitchen towels
Term
  1. Define percale sheet
Definition
weave has a thread count of about 200 or higher, and is noticeably tighter than the standard type of weave used for bed-sheets
Term
  1. Name 2 textile tabletop products
Definition
Table cloths place mats
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