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Textile Specs
DS561
107
Other
Undergraduate 3
06/04/2012

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Term
Quality- webster
Definition

"degree of excellence; grade or the essential character of something"

 

 

Term
Quality- The customer's viewpoint
Definition
The main ingredient in a product that delights the customer by iether meeting or exceeding expectations
Term
Quality- Industry
Definition
Satisfying the customers is the ultimate goal for everyone in the textile and apparel industry by either meerting or, better yet, eceeding their expectations
Term
ASQC
Definition
American Society for Quality Control- the systematic approach to the search for excellence
Term
ISO
Definition
International Standards Organization- the ensemble of props and characteristics of a product or a service which confer on it the capacity to satisfy expressed or implicit requirements. illustrates the  concept of suitability for use
Term
Excellence
Definition
going beyond the call of duty, doing more than expected, doing the very best in everything, in every possible way
Term
How to achieve excellence
Definition
Striving to maintain the highest standards and paying close attention to detail, go the extra mile
Term
difficulties in excellence
Definition
we expect high quality for the money we spend, no matter what we purchase ---difficulties arise when we cannot ID, measure, or control the quliaty of products
Term
textile product quality begins with
Definition
raw material, staple of filament fibers from which yarns are mafe of or which might be used directly to make
Term
fibers and filaments differ in
Definition
diameter, dyeing chracteristics, strength, stretch, moisture absorbency, chemical sensitivity
Term
yarns and fibers differ in
Definition
size, uniformity, appearance, fiber strength, orientation, stretch
Term
Fabric Construction
Definition
Weaving, Knitting, Non-woven
Term
Fabrics differ in
Definition
Construction and weights
Term
Fabrics are suitable for
Definition
blouses, sweaters, bed sheets, drapery, tents, carpets
Term
comonly assmebled pieces can vary by
Definition
thread, seam type, seam allowance, stitch density
Term
Selection Criteria: initial product
Definition
color, fabric design, drape, smoothness
Term
Selection Criteria: Percieved Comfort
Definition
size and fit, how does it feel, warm/coolness for intended use
Term
Selection Criteria: Maintenance requirements
Definition
machine wash, hand wach, dry clean only
Term
Selection Criteria: Service Ability
Definition
Ability of a product to maintain its initial smoothness, shape, dimensions, color, hand, and strength
Term
Selection Criteria
Definition

1. initial product

2. percieved comfort

3. maintenance requirements

4.price

5. service ability

6. safety and environment

Term
quality in textile and apparel products
Definition
quality is developed into a product from the inception of the idea to its delivery to the ultimate consumer
Term
quality assurance
Definition
the process of designing, producing, evaluation, and checking products to determine if they meet the desired qulity level for a company's target market
Term
Quality Control
Definition
The process of "inspecting" the products after production. That is inspectin the goods and sorting them into acceptable and un-acceptable groupings
Term
Quality- holistic perspective
Definition
"that which belongs to something and makes or helps to make it what it is...the degree of excellence which a thing possesses"
Term
Quality- ISO
Definition
"the totality of characteristics of an entity that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs"
Term
Quality- Deming cycle
Definition
Plan, Do, Check, Act, Analzye
Term
Deming Cycle- Plan
Definition
consuct consumer research
Term
Deming Cycle- Do
Definition
Produce the product
Term
Deming Cycle- Check
Definition
check to make sure the product meets criteria
Term
Deming cycle- Act
Definition
Market the product to consumers
Term
Deming Cyle- Analyze
Definition
how the product is percieved in the market
Term
Quality in the industries
Definition
ID of prodcut standards and specs, consistency between identical products, providing proucts that meet consumer needs
Term
Dimensions of Quality
Definition
Perfomance, Features, reliablity, conformance, durability, serviceability, aesthetics, perceived quality
Term
Performance
Definition
measurable attributes
Term
Features
Definition
Secondary Characteristics
Term
reliability
Definition
likelihood of failure
Term
conformance
Definition
meets standards and specs
Term
Durability
Definition
how long a product will be suitable
Term
serviceability
Definition
describes how well a product satsfies customer needs
Term
aesthetics
Definition
individual preference and sujective evaluation
Term
percieved quality
Definition
subjective, need to fit in with crowd, peer pressure
Term
identifying product attributes
Definition
serviceability, aesthetics,durability, cost, comfort, care and appearance retention
Term
Consumers perception of quality
Definition
quality depends on the dimension of a prodcut service that are important to the user
Term
target market
Definition
group of customers or a segment of the population that is likeyl to purchase a product, also called market segmentation
Term
Heat Transfer- conduction
Definition
no exchange of materials like oil or water, occurs when two objects touch, heat flows from hot to cold, more contact leads to more conduction
Term
Mechanism of heat transfer- convection
Definition
heat transfer that relies on gas or liquid, involves material transfer
Term
Mechanisms of Heat transfer- evaporation
Definition
heat trasnfer occurs whena  liquid changes into a gas and takes place more rapidly when temperature differences are greater (more evaporation at low humidity)
Term
Mechanism of Heat Transfer- Radiation
Definition
transfer of heat energy by electromagnetic waves (short wavelength=sun, long wavelength or infrared= body and objects), doesnt require air, matter, or atmosphere to transfer heat, some surfaces are good reflectors and some are good abosorbers
Term
Evaporation process- insensible perspiration
Definition
no control (ex: moisture vapor from the lungs by breathing)
Term
Evaporation Process- sweating
Definition
controlled- activatieed by the hypothalamus when blood temp rises
Term
Heat produced> Heat Lost
Definition
body must struggle to dispose the excess heat to prevent illness
Term
heat lost> heat produced
Definition
the body must improve heat preservation of production in order to avoid body damages from cold
Term
heat equilibrium
Definition
we want heat lost= heat produced, body's chemical process
Term
Comfort porperties that we measure
Definition
heat insulation, waterproof, wind proof, water vapor resistant, weight, freedom of movement, ventilation
Term
Weight (comfort)
Definition
men carry more weight in hands and pockets, women in purses, men have larger body dimensions making their clothig heavier (30%)
Term
Freedom of Movement
Definition
loose fitting garments allow free movement as well as hiding the shape of a the figure which could be dangerous in certain situations, if you need the clothing to be fitted you can do this by the drape and shaping the fabric
Term
ventilation
Definition
looseness of fit is closely related to ventilation, occurs ar two legs, two arms, the neck
Term
stretch
Definition
comfort stretch, stretch-to-fit, power stretch
Term
comfort stretch
Definition
not necessarily for close fitted, almost all garments have some, their extensibilty is designed only to accomodate and reduce resistance to body movements, particularly around the elbows, knees, back and seat
Term
stretch to fit
Definition
garments are designed to fit closely to the body contours without exerting any figure shaping pressure; generally knitted. socks, stockings, tights, some sports skirts, vests, swimwear
Term
power stretch
Definition
exert control over the shape of the body by exerting compressive pressure on the surface. used to support various body parts and for medical treatment
Term
measurable props of comfort
Definition
heat insulation, water proofness, wind proofness, water vapor resistance, weight, thickness, base of movement, pressure on body
Term
measure heat insulation
Definition
Thermal transmittance of textile materials, thermal protective performance of materials for clothing by open flame
Term
Measure water proofness
Definition
spray test, static absorption test, tumble jar dynamic absorption, hydrostatice pressure tests, imapct penetration test, rain test
Term
measure wind proofness
Definition
air permeability of textile fabrics
Term
measure water vapor
Definition
water vapor transmission
Term
measure weight
Definition
backing fabric test, felt test, woven textile fabrics test, pile floor covering test
Term
measure thickness
Definition
textive test, wool felt test, pile floor covering test
Term
How to describe conditions of use
Definition
level of physical activity, ambient temp, relative humidity, wind speed, intensity of precipitation
Term
NBS
Definition
national bureau of standards
Term
AATCC
Definition
American Association of textiles Chemist Colorist
Term
Factors for evaluating of test methods
Definition
utility, validity, reliability, manageability, essentiality
Term
Utility
Definition
relevant info about contemporary, theoretical, and practical issues
Term
Validity
Definition
scientific merit, accurate, and truthfulness in measuring a specific property
Term
face validity
Definition
basic minimum, without any experiemnt is non interpretable, rated by panel of experts and judges
Term
Predictability (validity)
Definition
degree of relationship between the results of the test and the actual performance of the product in typical end use
Term
Sensitivity (validity)
Definition
ability of the test to detect differences in the magnitude of the property measured, the greater the sensitivity of a test, the greater the chances of detecting small differences
Term
Reliability
Definition
Precise and free of experimental error
Term
Face reliability
Definition
apparent reliability of a test method rated by a panel of judges
Term
reliability- single operator, between times
Definition
affected by change in aparatus, procedure, and env
Term
reliability- single operator, within times
Definition
minimum variation inherent in a test method when used by a single operator at one time
Term
reliabilty- within lab, between lab
Definition
one lab, two or more labs
Term
manageability
Definition
low cost and simple, results easily manageable
Term
face manageability
Definition
apparent manageability of a test method as rated by a panel of judges
Term
manageability- dependability
Definition
resistance of the testing apparatus to malfunction, frequency of and difficulty to repair instrument
Term
manageability- cost for assembly, operation, and maintenance
Definition
value of resources, materials, sapce, personnel, and time
Term
manageability simplicity
Definition
ease of operation, personnel training and maintenance
Term
groups that use the evalution of the test methods
Definition
developers (scientist, engineers), users (quality control personnel, product developers, testing orgs), policy makers (government agents, trade associations)
Term
grab test
Definition
only a part of the width of the specimen is gripped in teh clamps and pulled
Term
strip test
Definition
the full width of the specimen is gripped in the clamps
Term
advantages of grab test
Definition
needs less time, more like actual use
Term
disadvantages of grab test
Definition
takes more fabric, not an exact reflection of the strength of yars, gripped between clamps, no direct relationship between grad and strip
Term
cut strip
Definition
specimen width is secured by cutting the fabric
Term
raveled strip
Definition
a strip test which the specimen width is secured by raveling away yarms, useful for comparison of the effective strength of yars in the fabric with their strength before weaving, use a one inch strip for fabrics with more than 20 yarns, use a two inch strip for fabric with less than 20 yarns/inch
Term
discarding results
Definition
slippage in jaws (jaws not tightened, fabric slips out) or jaw breaks (only discard if fabric breaks close to jaw and is below 50% avg)
Term
strength tests used to
Definition
assess damage and quality
Term
factors causing loss of strength
Definition
excessive bleaching, abrasion, sunlight, chemicals
Term
strength depends on
Definition
type of fiber, type of yarn, number of fibers in X-section, eveness of yarn, twist/inch of yarn, fabric structure, length of specimen, rate of loading, previous history, form of specimen, number of samples needed
Term
bursting strength diaphram method
Definition
(mullen) diaphram of rubber under specimen is at a constant rate, fabric is stressed in many directions,
Term
bursting strength CRT method
Definition
CRT machine with ball burst attachment, ball test, used for more rigid fabrics such as warp knit, double kits and interlock, and fabrics that exhibit a high degree of elongation, can be used for wovens
Term
disadvantags of diaphram
Definition
rubber deteriorates, gage turned off, no rupture, gives diff results than ball test
Term
tearing strength
Definition
the force required to continue to propagate a tear started previously in the fabric
Term
tearing strength- falling pendulum
Definition
used on woven fabrics, measures the work done in tearing through a fixed distance, pendelum is graduated to measure tearing force in grams (%weight of scale
Term
falling pendelum advantages
Definition
simple, fast, samll sample, die cutting gives accurate cut lengths, length of cut is 43+/- .15 mm, tear must occur between 20-60% of scale value
Term
Tearing strenth- tongue test
Definition
the forece required to shift and break one or more yarns at the same time, take avg of 5 highest peaks
Term
abrasion
Definition
defined as the wearing away of any part of the fabric by rubbing against another surface, its very difficult to correlate conditions of the abrasion of a textile in wear or sue with test methods
Term
what affects abrasion resistance
Definition
mechanical props of fibers, type of fiber and yarn, fabric structure, type and amount of finish, conditions of test like nature of abradent, tension of specimen , presure betweeen the specimen and abradent, dimensional changes in specimen
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