Term
| What are the functions of the digestive system? |
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Definition
| food consumption, convert digested food into nutrient molecules, absorption of nutrients into blood, elimination of wastes |
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Term
| What is another name for the colon? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two functional divisions of the digestive system? |
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Definition
| alimentary canal and the accessory digestive organs |
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Term
| What is the path of the GI tract? |
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Definition
| mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and the anus |
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Term
| the contents of the GI tract are considered ____ the body |
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Definition
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Term
| What is another name for aliment? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of the accessory digestive organs? |
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Definition
| physical and chemical breakdown |
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Term
| Where is MOST of the stomach located? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| double layer of peritoneum that holds the nerves, arteries, and veins of the alimentary canal wall |
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Term
| What is the submucosa made of? |
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Definition
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Term
| What types of epithelium is the serosa made of? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the four layers of the alimentary canal? |
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Definition
| Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, amd serosa |
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Term
| What are the three layers of the mucosa? |
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Definition
| epithelium, lamina propria (CT), muscularis mucosae (smooth muscle) |
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Term
| What are the two layers of the muscularis externa? |
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Definition
| circular and longitudinal; both are smooth muscle |
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Term
| What is another term for the serosa? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the six major locations of smooth muscle in the body? |
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Definition
| iris, walls of blood vessels, respiratory tubes, digestive tubes, urinary organs, and reproductive organs |
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Term
Identify:
irregularly arranged thick and thin filaments (no striations) |
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Definition
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Term
| What component of smooth muscle acts the same as the z-discs? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| serous membrane of the abdominopelvic cavity |
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Term
| What is the purpose of mesentery? |
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Definition
| holds organs in place, stores adipose, and route for vessels to and from organs |
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Term
| What are the four examples of dorsal mesentery? |
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Definition
| greater omentum, mesentery proper, tranverse mesocolon, and the sigmoid mesocolon |
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Term
| What are the two examples of ventral mesentery? |
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Definition
| flaciform ligament and the lesser omentum |
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Term
| What is another name for the mesentery? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of CT is the oral cavity made of? |
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Definition
| very thick stratified squamous |
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Term
| What structure prevents objects from getting into the oropharynx? |
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Definition
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Term
Describe:
internal muscles of the tongue (2) |
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Definition
| change shape of the tongue; not attached to any bones |
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Term
Describe:
External muscles of the tongue (2) |
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Definition
| change the POSITION of the tongue; attached to skull bones and hyoid |
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Term
| What muscles maintains the tone of the tongue? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is found the posterior 1/3rd surface of the tongue? |
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Definition
| oropharynx and sulcus terminalis |
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Term
| What is found on the anterior 2/3rds surface of the tongue? |
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Definition
| Circumvallate papillae, fungiform papillae, and filiform papillae |
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Term
| What is the purpose of saliva? |
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Definition
| cleans teeth and dissolves food |
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Term
| How much saliva is produced per day? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most abundant type of papillae on the tongue? |
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Definition
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Term
| the pharynx is part of what two systems? |
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Definition
| respiratory and digestive |
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Term
| What is the muscular composition of the esophagus? |
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Definition
top 1/3rd:skeletal
mid 1/3rd:skeletal and smooth
end 1/3rd:smooth |
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Term
| What is the widest part of the alimentary canal? |
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Definition
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Term
| Food is transformed into what in the stomach? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the first site of protein breakdown? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is another name for serosa? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many layers form the stomach? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the functions of the small intestine? |
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Definition
| enzymatic digestion, nutrient absorption, segmentation, and peristalsis |
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Term
| What are the three components of the small intestine? |
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Definition
| duodenum, jejunum, and ileum |
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Term
| What is the longest part of the alimentary canal? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three parts of the small intestine? |
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Definition
| Duodenum, jejunum, and the ileum |
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Term
| What are the plicae circularis? |
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Definition
| permanent, circular folds of the mucosa and submucosa |
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Term
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Definition
| finger-like projections of the mucosa; covered with simple columnar epithelium |
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Term
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Definition
| tiny, finger-like projections on the apical side of each simple columnar epithelial cell of the villi |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the large intestine? |
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Definition
| receiving undigested food from the SI; *absorbs water and electrolytes*; and passes feces out of the GI tract |
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Term
| What is another name for the Large Intestine? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three specialized features of the large Intestine? |
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Definition
| Teniae coli, haustra, and epiploic appendages |
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Term
| What are the fat-filled pouches of visceral peritoneum that hang from the LI? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| transition from mucous membrane of the rectum to cutaneous membrane of the outside body |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the goblet cells in the LI? |
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Definition
| lubrication for defecation |
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Term
| What organ is responsible for bile production? |
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Definition
| the liver; stored in gallbladder |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the gallbladder? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Gland; exocrine: secretes enzymes for chemical digestion; endocrine: hormones for glucose regulation |
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Term
| What are the intrapertoneal organs? |
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Definition
| liver, stomach, ileum, jejunum, transverse colon, sigmoid colon |
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Term
| What are the Retroperitoneal organs? |
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Definition
| duodenum, ascending colon, descending colon, rectum, and pancreas |
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