Term
| all blood entering the aorta to supply systemic unit is |
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Definition
|
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Term
| why is the bp of the systemic circuit the highest |
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Definition
| each time the left ventricle (very muscular) conrtacts it force blood through aortic valve at high pressure in order to open it and stretch the walls of the aorta. |
|
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Term
| conus arteriosus leads to |
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Definition
|
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Term
| MI: If blockage involves one of the smaller arterial branches, what are the consequences? |
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Definition
person may survive
reduced contractions, cardiac arrhthmias |
|
|
Term
| t or f the r & l ventricle pump the same vol of blood |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| allows blood to flow from atria to ventricle in one direction. |
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
| the outer appendage of atria is called |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the coronary sinus is located |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the atria are thin/thick walled |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| how is coronary artery disease usually caused? |
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Definition
| formation of a fatty deposit (atherosclerotic plaque) or blood clot (thrombus)in wall of coronary vessel. |
|
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Term
| coronary sinus recieves blood from |
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Definition
great cardiac vein
posterior cardiac vein
middle cardiac vein
small cardiac vein
anterior cardiac vein |
|
|
Term
| if the semilunar valves are closed, what is open? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| invasive procedures for an MI/CAD |
|
Definition
coronary artery bypass graft
CABG |
|
|
Term
| noninvasive procedures for an MI/CAD |
|
Definition
balloon angioplasty
cardiac stent
atherectomy |
|
|
Term
| heart attacks most commonly result from |
|
Definition
| from a condition called coronary thrombus |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| nonfunctional tissue as the result of a heart attack. |
|
|
Term
| pectinate muscles are located |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the cardiac skeleton description |
|
Definition
four bands that surround
heart valves & aorta& pulmonary trunk |
|
|
Term
| right coronary artery supplies blood to |
|
Definition
right atrium
portions of both ventricles
cells of SA + AV node
marginal arteries
posterior intervenetricular artery |
|
|
Term
| the anterior cardiac veins recieves blood from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the chordae tendinae of AV valves are attached to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ligamentum arteriosum def |
|
Definition
| the remaining portion of an important fetal vessel that linked pulmonary and systemic circuits |
|
|
Term
| the coronary sinus is located |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| special component in the trabeculae carneae of the R ventricle is the |
|
Definition
| moderator band (pt of conducting system) |
|
|
Term
| the free edges of the AV valves attach to |
|
Definition
| chordae tendinae (stringy stuff) |
|
|
Term
| the great cardiac vein delivers blood to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sm section of a sm. vein or artey is used to create a detour around obstructed coronary artery.
as many as 4 can be done
single
double
triple
quadruple
coronary bypass |
|
|
Term
| b/c plaques can reform after a balloon angioplasty is done what is the next option? |
|
Definition
| a fine wire mesh cardiac stent is put in vessel and hold it open. |
|
|
Term
| the left AV valve is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| after birth the forman ovale becomes |
|
Definition
| seals off & becomes fossa ovalis |
|
|
Term
| coronary sinus delivers blood to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the great cardiac vein delivers blood to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reduced circulatory supply from partial/complete blockage of coronary arteries |
|
|
Term
| MI: If blockage occurs near the start of one of the coronary arteries, what is the consequence? |
|
Definition
| widespread damage, heart may stop beating |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
stabalize valves
electrically insulate ventricular from atrial cells |
|
|
Term
| the great cardiac vein recieves blood from |
|
Definition
| area of anterior (left) interventricular artery |
|
|
Term
| the semilunar valves include |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
blockage by a single, soft plaque
slender catheter inserted into artery to plaque |
|
|
Term
| name the muscles that support the semilunar valves |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
side of aortic semilunar
side of pulmonary semiluar |
|
Definition
extends from left ventricle
extends from right ventricle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of coronary circulation becomes blocked and cardiac cells die due to lack of oxygen |
|
|
Term
| pulmonary trunk divides into |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| location of aortic sinuses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| t or f the right ventricle is at higher pressure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what happens when AV valves close? |
|
Definition
| ventricles are contracting, which builds up pressure and AV close |
|
|
Term
| what happen when AV valves are open? |
|
Definition
the atria are contracting
(meaning the ventricles must be relaxed) |
|
|
Term
| does the l. ventricle have a moderator band? |
|
Definition
| no, only the right ventricle |
|
|
Term
| superior end of r. ventricle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| structure of semilunar valves |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| drugs to treat an MI or CAD are |
|
Definition
aspirin, comadin: reduce clots
propanlol: block sympathetic stimulation
nitroglycerin: vasodilation
ca2+ channel blockers
pain relievers |
|
|
Term
how can an mi be diagnosed
(not EKG), |
|
Definition
blood test for enzymes released by damaged cells:
cardiac tropinin I & T
CK-MB |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a thrombus (clot) formation at a plaque
which can narrow a vessel or block vessel from a smooth muscle spasm. |
|
|
Term
| proper name for a heart attack |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| one of the first symptoms of CAD is |
|
Definition
| angina pectoris (chest pain) |
|
|
Term
| what is the most common form of angina pectoris?, |
|
Definition
a temporary ischemia develops when work load of heart increases
(aka at rest feel fine
excercise : pain, chest constriction etc |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| areas of of partial/complete blockage of coronary circulation |
|
|
Term
| the great cardiac vein also recieves blood from what other veins?, |
|
Definition
posterior cardiac vein
middle cardiac vein
small cardiac vein |
|
|
Term
| the anterior cardiac vein delivers blood to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the left and right coronary arteries orginate at |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fcns of connective tissue fibers |
|
Definition
physically support cardiac muscle fibers
distribute contraction force
strengthen & prevent over expansion of heart
provide elasticity |
|
|
Term
| What prevents valves from swinging into atria?, |
|
Definition
| papillary muscles tense their chordae tendinae |
|
|
Term
| the AV valve allows blood |
|
Definition
| to be ejected from atria to ventricle |
|
|
Term
| the aortic sinuses orginate at |
|
Definition
| right & left coronary arteries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| before birth it is an opening through interatrial septum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
the anterior cardiac vein
recieves blood from:
delivers blood to: |
|
Definition
| right ventricle; right atrium |
|
|
Term
| cardiac muscles cells are physically and electrically linked by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cardiac muscle cells are electrically coordinated by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cardiac muscles cells are physically connected by? |
|
Definition
|
|
