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The skin or Cutaneous Membrane
Covers entire surface of the body
Largest organ in the body
Integumentary system |
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Two Regions:
Epidermis
Dermis
-Hypodermis |
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Outer,thinner region of skin
Five layers (Ex. Strat Corneum, Lucidum, Basale)
Contains melanocytes (cells that produce melanin)
Lucidum-protection from constant friction
Corneum-barrier against microbes |
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Lowest layer of epidermis
Constantly dividing, new cells pushed to the surface
Contains Langerhans Cells & Melanocytes
Contains Sensory nerves-pain,temp,touch |
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The pigment primarily responsible for skin color
Produced by melanocytes
Protects skin from UV radiation |
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hereditary trait characterized by the lack of ability to produce melanin
also lack pigment in hair & eyes |
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Tactile cells
Signal the brain that an object has touched the skin |
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Waterproof Protein
Protects body from water loss & gain |
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A deeper & thicker region than the Epidermis
Collagen fibers prevent skin from overstretching & being torn, they provide strength
Contains many blood vessels & nerve fibers |
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Part of the Dermis (below dermis)
Energy storage & insulation |
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Sweat Glands
Are present in all regions of the skin
Secrete fluids to cool down body |
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Open into hair follicles in anal region, groin, & armpit
Become active at puberty
Secretion may be sex attractant |
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More common
Open onto surface of skin
Active when body heats up
Secrete sweat (perspiration) |
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Modified sweat glands that produce ear wax |
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Associated with hair follicles
Secrete oily substance called sebum |
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Non melanoma are less likely to metastasize
-basal cell
-squamous cell
Melanoma
-more likely to be malignant
-starts in melanocytes
-appearance of unsual mole |
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Most common type of skin cancer
UV radiation cause epidermal basal cells to form a tumor
95% of patients easily cured |
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Skin is waterproof
Prevents water loss
Also prevents water from entering the body when immersed
Water excreted thru perspiration |
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SKin helps regulate body temp
If body temp rises, blood vessels dialate, sweat glands active
If body temp lowers, blood vessels constrict |
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