Term
| What are the main functions of the respiratory system? |
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Definition
1. Gas Exchange (O2 and CO2)
2. Helps adjust pH of body fluids
3. Olfaction |
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Term
| Name the two divisions of the respiratory system. |
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Definition
1. Upper respiratory system - includes nose and pharynx
2. Lower respiratory system - includes larynx, trachea, lungs, and bronchi |
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Term
True or False?
Too much Carbon Dioxide can be acidic to the body. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of the external nares / nose? |
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Definition
1. to filter air you breathe
2. Moisten air |
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Term
| What is the space within the internal nares called and what is it lined with? |
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Definition
| Nasal cavity - lined with mucous and cilia that move the mucous down to the pharynx |
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Term
| What are the bony spirals inside the nose called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose for the tunnels or meatuses within the nose? |
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Definition
They 1. increase surface area
2. moisten air to prevent dehydration |
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Term
| What is the function of the pharynx? |
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Definition
| The pharynx aids in swallowing and speech |
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Term
| Name the three parts of the pharynx. |
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Definition
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx |
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Term
True or False?
The larynx includes the thyroid cartilage (adam's apple) and the epiglottis. |
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Definition
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Term
| What helps during swallowing by closing the opening to the trachea and also prevents choking? |
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Definition
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Term
True or False?
Unlike the cilia in the nose that move mucous down, the cilia in the larynx work to move mucous up into the pharynx. |
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Definition
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Term
| What four layers make up the Trachea? |
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Definition
1. Mucosa - mucous membranes with cilia
2. Submucosa
3. Hyaline Cartilage - forms the C-shaped Rings along the trachea that give it structure and keep it from collapsing during respiration
4. Adventitia
Note* - Smooth muscle is also present to aid in changing the airway size |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Why is the left lung smaller than the right lung? |
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Definition
| The apex of the heart decreases the space available in the cavity, thus causing the left lung to be smaller and have only 2 lobes instead of 3 like that of the right lung. |
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Term
| What is the term for the cup-like outpouchings in the lungs? |
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Definition
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Term
| What membrane is the site of gas exchange in the Alveoli? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the 3 steps involved in respiration / gas exchange. |
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Definition
1. Pulmonary ventilation - breathing to allow gas exchange btwn alveoli and atmosphere
2. External Pulmonary Respiration - exhcange of gases across the respiratory membrane
3. Internal tissue respiration - exchange btwn tissues and systemic capillaries |
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Term
True or False?
Air moves from low concentration to high concentration. |
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Definition
| False - it moves from high to low concentration |
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Term
True or false?
When the pressure in the atmosphere is higher than the pressure in the lungs, air moves into the lungs. |
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Definition
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Term
| What does Boyle's Law state? |
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Definition
| It states that the pressure exerted by a gas increases when the volune of the container decreases. |
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Term
| How do people's bodies adapt when they live in higher altitudes in order to compensate for the low pressure in the atmosphere? |
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Definition
| Their body increases red blood cells to compensate. |
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