Term
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Definition
| a communication between two blood vessels without any intervening capillary network |
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Term
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Definition
| permanent localized dilation of an artery, with an increase in diameter of 1.5 times its normal diameter |
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Term
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Definition
| largest arterial structure in the body; arises from the left ventricle to supply blood to the head, upper and lower extremities, and abdominopelvic cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| vascular structures that carry blood away from the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| a disease of the arterial vessels marked by thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity in the arterial walls |
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Term
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Definition
| communication between an artery and a vein |
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Term
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Definition
| condition in which the aortic wall becomes irregular from plaque formation |
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Term
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Definition
| thrombosis of the hepatic veins |
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Term
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Definition
| minute vessels that connect the arterial and venous systems |
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Term
| cavernous transformation of the portal vein – |
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Definition
| periportal collateral channels in patients with chronic portal vein obstruction |
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Term
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Definition
| arises from the celiac trunk to supply the liver |
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Term
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Definition
| a division of the abdominal aorta at the level of the umbilicus that supplies blood to the lower extremities |
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Term
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Definition
| weakening of the arterial wall |
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Term
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Definition
| tear in the intima and/or media of the abdominal aorta |
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Term
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Definition
| the sonographer selects the exact site to record Doppler signals and sets the sample volume (gate) at this site |
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Term
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Definition
| circumferential enlargement of a vessel with tapering at both ends |
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Term
| gastroduodenal artery (GDA) – |
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Definition
| branch of the common hepatic artery that supplies the stomach and duodenum |
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Term
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Definition
| largest tributaries that drain the liver and empty into the inferior vena cava at the level of the diaphragm |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) – |
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Definition
| arises from the anterior aortic wall at the level of the third or fourth lumbar vertebra to supply the left transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum |
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Term
| inferior mesenteric vein (IMV) – |
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Definition
| drains the left third of the colon and upper colon and joins the splenic vein |
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Term
| inferior vena cava (IVC) – |
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Definition
| largest venous abdominal vessel that conveys blood from the body below the diaphragm to the right atrium of the heart |
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Term
| left gastric artery (LGA) – |
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Definition
| arises from the celiac axis to supply the stomach and lower third of the esophagus |
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Term
| left hepatic artery (LHA) – |
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Definition
| small branch supplying the caudate and left lobes of the liver |
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Term
| left renal artery (LRA) – |
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Definition
| arises from the posterolateral wall of the aorta directly into the hilus of the kidney |
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Term
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Definition
| leaves the renal hilum and travels anterior to the aorta and posterior to the superior mesenteric artery to enter the lateral wall of the inferior vena cava |
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Term
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Definition
| hereditary disorder of connective tissue, bones, muscles, ligaments, and skeletal structures |
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Term
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Definition
| vessels that have a high diastolic component and supply organs that need constant perfusion (i.e., internal carotid artery, hepatic artery, and renal artery) |
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Term
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Definition
| formed by the union of the superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein near the porta hepatis of the liver |
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Term
| portal venous hypertension – |
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Definition
| caused by increased resistance to venous flow through the liver; sonographic findings include dilation of the portal and splenic and mesenteric veins, reversal of portal venous blood flow, and the development of collateral vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| pulsatile hematoma that results from leakage of blood into soft tissues abutting the punctured artery with fibrous encapsulation and failure of the vessel wall to heal |
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Term
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Definition
| vessels that have little or reversed flow in diastole and that supply organs that do not need a constant blood supply (e.g., external carotid artery, brachial arteries) |
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Term
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Definition
| peak systole minus peak diastole divided by peak systole (S D/S = RI); an RI of 0.7 or less indicates good perfusion; an RI of 0.7 or higher indicates decreased perfusion |
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Term
| right gastric artery (RGA) – |
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Definition
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Term
| right hepatic artery (RHA) – |
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Definition
| supplies the gallbladder via the cystic artery |
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Term
| right renal artery (RRA) – |
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Definition
| arises from the posterolateral wall of the aorta and travels posterior to the inferior vena cava to supply the kidney |
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Term
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Definition
| leaves the renal hilum to enter the lateral wall of the inferior vena cava |
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Term
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Definition
| localized dilation of the vessel |
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Term
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Definition
| change in spectral width that increases with flow disturbance |
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Term
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Definition
| one of the three vessels that arise from the celiac axis to supply the spleen, pancreas, stomach, and greater omentum |
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Term
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Definition
| drains the spleen; travels horizontally across the abdomen (posterior to the pancreas) to join the superior mesenteric vein to form the portal vein |
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Term
| superior mesenteric artery (SMA) – |
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Definition
| arises inferior to the celiac axis to supply the proximal half of the colon and the small intestine |
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Term
| superior mesenteric vein (SMV) – |
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Definition
| drains the proximal half of the colon and small intestine; travels vertically (anterior to the inferior vena cava) to join the splenic vein to form the portal veins |
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Term
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Definition
| transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt |
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Term
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Definition
| permanent dilation of an artery that forms when tensile strength of the arterial wall decreases |
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Term
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Definition
| outer layer of the vascular system; contains the vasa vasorum |
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Term
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Definition
| inner layer of the vascular system |
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Term
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Definition
| middle layer of the vascular system; veins have thinner tunica media than arteries |
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Term
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Definition
| tiny arteries and veins that supply the walls of blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| collapsible vascular structures that carry blood back to the heart |
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