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-written by Sophie Treadwell -Expressionism play -Episodic structure -girl is forced to marry her boss by her mother, eventually she kills her husband and gets trapped in the justice system |
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-written by Samuel Beckett -Absurdism piece, first major success -Two men in the void, tree is the only piece of scenery. -a being or person |
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-Irish, expatriated to France -wrote in French to challenge himself to simplify -Resistance fighter during WWII -"Minimalist with language to let actions speak for themselves" |
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-written by Eugene Ionesco -Absurdism play -couple eating dinner having a banal conversation...simple english sentences -guy as girl, girl as guy |
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-Romanian father, French Mother -Denounced oppression -Accused of "hate language" -"It's not a certain society that seems absurd to me, it's mankind." |
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-written by August Wilson -a play written depicting the African American experience during each decade, 10th play finished months before his death |
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-Major contributor to African American theatre -leading American playwright of the late twentieth, early twenty-first century -loved music/storytelling |
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-written by Caryl Churchill -About women of magnitude, distinction, and from different times -Touches on class, politics, women, and their choices and lack thereof |
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-British, wrote 24 plays so far -plays tend to be nonrealistic -technique of putting down on paper the way people really speak |
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things that seem mysterious, impossible, spiritual. can be difficult to stage |
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-19th century racist style of performance. in which white performers in blackface denigrated African American culture -Slave entertainments, played for the master |
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-lawyer, Rhodes Scholar, Artist, Activist -appeared in "Showboat", "Othello" -first black actor to play Othello on an American stage -longest running actor as Othello |
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-brilliant Shakespearian actor, first black actor to play Othello EVER. -African Grove Theatre in NYC -then moved to England |
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-Actor and director -first black director on Broadway -Head of Yale School of Drama -August Wilson's director |
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-questionable marriage -wild life *supported herself -First PROFESSIONAL playwright |
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-English gentry sent to court -Desired to be recognized as an intellectual, but was mocked -Interest in natural sciences and women -wrote 26 plays -First PUBLISHED playwright |
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-wrote "The Children's Hour" * first play to explore possibility of a lesbian relationship *shows women are vulnerable -wrote "The Little Foxes" *powerful female figures in conflict with each other |
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Elements in Character Analysis |
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1) Given Circumstances 2) Super Objective 3) Tactics/Actions 4) Motivation 5) Values |
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Given Circumstances (character analysis) |
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-facts, NOT OPINIONS, about each major character -includes *gender *age *occupation *physical condition *relationships |
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Super Objective (character analysis) |
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-What a character wants or needs -Drives them through all or most of the play |
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Tactics/Actions (character analysis) |
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-What the character is willing to do to achieve a goal -State as an active verb |
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Motivation (character analysis) |
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-Why? -Must be interpreted at times -Many characters do not openly discuss motivations |
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Values (character analysis) |
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-What a character believes to be true and important -No characer has "no" values -Our job is to articulate without judging |
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-The basic idea that two adults, a man and woman, are essential to the survival of the family -Only if both parents work at full capacity can the children survive *men do physical work *women bear the children and home based work |
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"Magic or Expanded" Realism |
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-Embraces the world of playwright and actors -EX. Realismo -can be difficult to stage |
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-Subjective, no single correct reality -Anti-Realism -The "Dream" play, everything is possible -Image
-EX. Strindberg's plays after "The Inferno" and Edvard Munch "The Scream" |
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1) Proscenium 2) Thrust 3) Arena |
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-After "The Great War" and The End of the Second World War -based on the sense of existential despair -nothing at the core of one's existence -creatures of free will -create meaning! -laughter & kindness |
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-Lighting comes from "over house" to prevent shadows -Audience in front of upstage, frame forms a picture box -limited points of view, but only audience side matters -CHALLENGE- costumes detailed for the back as well as the front |
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-Pavillion Theatre at PSU -3/4 round stage -longer and narrower -intimate stage, everyone is close to actors but at different angles -everything must be completely finished because audience can see the whole stage |
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-Audience is all around the stage -Scenic designs must be short to not block view -environment is smaller, yet more intimate -floor is the essential focus -Sounds and sense of time are challenging |
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a show with musical numbers where the primary entertainment is found in those numbers |
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spoken word, story, or book in musical theatre |
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designs of dance and movement |
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Origins of Musical Theatre |
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1) Vaudeville 2) Burlesque 3) Minstrel Shows 4) Opera 5) Operetta |
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variety entertainment, family oriented |
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variety entertainment, adult oriented |
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combine storytelling, music, and dance |
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thru-sing (little or no spoken word) requires full chorus and orchestra lavish costumes and sets |
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"little opera" light musical romances |
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-12 successful operettas -"Pirates of Penzance" *fast lyrics* |
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-wrote musicals that are remembered for their great music -"Yankee Doodle" |
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-1st song at age 19 -Annie Get Your Gun Stop, Look and Listen -"Alexanders Ragtime Band" first major hit |
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-first fully matured American musical -paved the way for the great Book musicals -addressed serious issues |
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-influenced by black musicians -"Girl Crazy" "Of Thee I Sing" "Porgy and Bess" |
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-peculiar, had "all the money in the world" -genius witty lyrics, frivolous libretto -"The Gay Divorcee" "Anything Goes" "Can-Can" "Kiss Me, Kate" |
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-transitions into the great "book musicals" -by Richard Rodgers and Lorenz Hart |
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-emphasized libretto/storyline -issues are more complex, richer, darker |
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-considered by most to be the first Great "Book" Musical -Rodgers and Hammerstein |
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-by Cole Porter -a play within a play |
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-"My Fair Lady" "Camelot" "Brigadoon" |
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-two subplots gambler and salvation girl Adelaide and Nathan |
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-Henry Higgins makes girl a dutchess by changing her voice -by Lerner and Loewe |
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-"Pal Joey" -transitioned into the book musicals |
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-contributed to "Great Book Musicals" -"Carousel" "South Pacific" "The King and I" "Flower Drum Song" "The Sound of Music" |
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-director/choreographer of "Fiddler on the Roof" |
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-called by some critics, the last of the great book musicals -about a milkman in a jewish town |
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unified around a central idea, theme or motif -episodic script, contemporary popular music |
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-about actors/actresses auditioning for a show -Hamlisch and Kleban |
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-by Kander and Ebb -takes place in the "Kit Kat Club" |
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-Composer -"Jesus Christ Superstar" "Evita" "Cats" "Phantom of the Opera" |
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-Composer/lyricist -experimentation with subject matter and innovative musical numbers -"Gypsy" "Sweeney Todd" "Into the Woods" "Assassins" |
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-African American Musical -by Fats Waller |
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