Term
| War of the Spanish Succession |
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
Charles II, Last Habsburg King of Spain |
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
French dramatist and actor
Wrote comedies influenced by Moliere
Debuted as an actor at the Comedie Francaise, and eventually became the leader of the troupe.
Wrote more than 50 comedies.
Introduced the chevalier d’ industrie (gigolo)
His plays reflect the rise of the mercantile class.
The Fashionable Gentlemen
The Fashionable Middle-Class Women |
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Term
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
French playwright
More than 30 comedies
Wrote comedies influenced by sentimentalism
Liked love stories
The Game of Love and Chance
The False Confessions
The Double Inconstancies, or The Inconstant Lovers |
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Term
| Pierre-Claude La Chaussee |
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
Wrote comedie larmoyante (tearful comedy, perhaps the most popular dramatic type in France in the mid 1700’s.) |
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Term
| Johann Christoph Gottsched |
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
An artistic reformer, and an intellectual leader of Germany.
Was invested in developing German as a medium for literary expression (as opposed to Latin or French)
Worked with the Neubers towards he reform of the theatre from low “side show” performance to a legitimate literary genre. |
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Term
| Caroline and Johann Neuber |
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800 Worked with Gottsched to elevate German theatre.
Insisted upon careful rehearsals.
Policed the personal lives of their actors to try to get rid of the stigma attached to their liberal lives.
Paved the way for future advancements in German drama. |
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Term
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
an opéra comique, or operetta, in three acts by Jacques Offenbach |
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
German novelist and dramatist. Associated with Sturm und Drang. His play, named Sturm und Drang, gave the movement its name. |
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Term
| Friedrich Ludwig Schroder |
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
German actor, manager, dramatist
Known for his tragedy. Considered the greatest actor Germany ever known. Played more than 700 roles.
Owned the most influential German troupe in the late 1700’s. Became the artistic director of this troupe (the Ackermann’s Hamburg troupe) in 1771.
A stage brat, he became a disciplinarian upon assuming responsibility for the company. He championed Lessing, Shakespeare, and Sturm und Drang.
Created the Hamburg School of acting and production (in which character, emotion, and setting were carefully delineated and differentiated) |
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Term
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
German actor, producer, and playwright
One of the most important members of the influential Mannheim theatre company.
His acting was compared to that of Schroder’s. He was known for his expressive body and face (because he had a weak voice). He humanized his roles.
The Mannheim school of acting bridged Schroder’s romantic-realistic mode and the Weimar classical mode.
The Huntsman |
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Term
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
German dramatist
Incredibly prolific. Wrote more than 200 plays, and their wild popularity made German theatre famous. Was perhaps the most popular playwright in the world during his day.
Combined sensational subjects, spectacle, and humanitarian sentiments.
Murdered by Karl Ludwig Sand because he was accused of being a spy
Misanthropy and Repentance |
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Term
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
Italian playwright
Started off as a writer of traditional commedia, then got interested in the new sentimental styles of comedy spreading out from England.
Helped make Opera Buffa acceptable to major opera companies
Idealized the middle and lower classes, and women.
The Servant of Two masters
Mirandolina |
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Term
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
Italian playwright
Combines melodrama, farce, and myth
Strongly objected to Goldoni’s alteration of traditional commedia. Satirized sentimentalism.
The King Stag
The Love of Two Oranges |
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Term
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
The first truly significant German dramatist, and the best playwright of his day. He put German theatre on the map.
Stayed true to 18th century rationalism ideas: The universe is ruled by a benevolent god, man is essentially good, and the human mind can solve all important problems through the use of reason.
His writings in the Dramaturgie undermined neoclassicism, and paved the way for the revolutions of the Sturm und Drangers and Romantics.
Miss Sarah Sampson
Emilia Galotti
Minna von Barnhelm
Nathan the Wise (depicts Jewish, Christian, and Muslim characters demonstrating that universal love is the only fruitful doctrine)
Hamburgische Dramaturgie |
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Term
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
Instrumental in the establishment of the Hamburg National Theatre
Published a history of German Theatre (1766)
Blamed theater’s low reputation on uncouth actors and managers, the lack of state support, and the desire to make profits.
Proposed nonprofit theatre, actor training, and pensions
His theatre didn’t survive, but it allowed Lessing to create his Hamburg Dramaturgy. |
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
Most important French dramatist of the late 1700’s.
Wrote drames and comedies
Introduced the character of Figaro (described as the culmination of all comic servants of French drama).
Wrote some comedy of intrigue, but later turned to social commentary.
Recaptured the spirit of ‘laughing comedy’ (like Goldsmith and Sheridan did in England)
Le Barbier de Seville
Eugenie
Le Folle Journee oiu Le Mariage de Figaro |
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Term
| Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe |
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
German dramatist, playwright, director
Worked with Schiller to establish Weimar Classicism
Developed ideas of stage composition
Wanted to attune his audience to true beauty
Faust
The Sorrows of Young Werther |
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Term
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
German dramatist, historian, professor, leader of Weimar classicism
Worked with Goethe in establishing Weimar classicism
Apprenticed at Mannheim.
Wanted the formal aspects of classical works to distant the spectators from the play’s events so they might see the ideal patterns behind everyday reality.
Argued that drama ought to transform ordinary experience rather than create an illusion of real life.
The Robbers
Don Carlos
A History of the Thirty Years War |
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Term
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
Francois-Marie Arouet
Dominated tragedy in the 18th century
Pretty much dominated all French literature and thought
was interested in expanding neoclassical restrictions
Banned spectators from the French stage
Zaire |
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
a family of Italian artists of the 17th and 18th centuries, Scenic designers |
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
an informal description of Italian comic operas |
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
a comic operatic interlude inserted between acts or scenes of an opera seria |
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Term
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
characterized by masked "types", the advent of the actress and improvised performances based on sketches or scenarios |
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Term
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
is one of the few state theaters in France.
was founded by a decree of Louis XIV |
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
(tearful comedy, perhaps the most popular dramatic type in France in the mid 1700’s.) |
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
A serious drama that dealt with middle-class characters. |
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
an opera company and opera house in Paris |
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
presented to the French-speaking public spectacles performed by professional Italian actors |
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
was often known by the title of the King's "Chief Minister" or "First Minister." As a result, he is considered to be the world's first Prime Minister |
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
French Enlightenment philosopher and writer
Emphasized the need for a serious, bourgeois theater
Edited Encyclopédie |
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
form of theatre practised as a way of instructing students in rhetoric and imparting Roman Catholic doctrine. |
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
A clown-like character popular in German and Austrian plays during the 18th century, sometimes called the pickled-herring |
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Term
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
Originated with a play by Friedrich Kilnger which gave the movement its name |
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Term
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
Followers attempted to establish a new humanism by synthesizing Romantic, classical and Enlightenment ideas. The movement
Johann Wolfgang Goethe, Johann Gottfried Herder, Friedrich Schiller and Christoph Martin Wieland |
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Term
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
These works analyzed, criticized and theorized the German theatre, and make Lessing the father of modern Dramaturgy |
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Term
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
the era in Western philosophy, intellectual, scientific and cultural life, centered upon the 18th century, in which reason was advocated as the primary source for legitimacy and authority. It is also known as the Age of Reason. |
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Term
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
The First World War?
Fought in Europe, North America, and India
France, Austria, Russia, Saxony, Sweden, and Spain
AGAINST
Prussia, Great Britain, and Hanover |
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Term
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
War fought by peasants against aristocracy |
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Term
| House of Hapsburg/Habsburg |
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
one of the most important royal houses of Europe and is best known for being an origin of all of the formally elected Holy Roman Emperors between 1438 and 1740, as well as rulers of the Austrian and Spanish Empires and several other countries. |
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Definition
EUROPE TO 1800
Theatre architecture which emphasized perspective scenery |
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