Term
You experience abnormal events in your left pleural cavity, does this effect the right? Why? |
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Definition
No, pleural cavities completely separated by mediastinum |
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Term
Do you need to open the pleural cavities to surgically access the mediastinum? Why? |
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Definition
No, because the pleural cavities completely separated by mediastinum |
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Term
You experience an injury on the left side of your neck near the root. Are you at risk for any other injuries? Why? |
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Definition
Yes. Abnormal events to root of neck can involve adjacent pleura and lung because pleural cavities extend above rib I. The apex of each lung is in root of neck
Injury to adjacent pleura/lung can affect root of neck
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Term
WHat is the costadiaphragmatic recess and what is its physiological significance? |
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Definition
Excess potential space of pleural cavity that lies inferiorly between thoracic wall and diaphragm
Accomodates changes in lung volume during breahting |
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Term
What is the sternal angle used for? |
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Definition
To determine the position of rib II as reference for counting ribs |
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Term
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Definition
Because of overlying clavicle. Therefore must use sternal angle to count from rib II |
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Term
You damage your spinal cord at C6. Will you be able to breathe? |
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Definition
Yes. Diaphragm innervated by phrenic nerves arising from C3, C4, and C5. Mostly C5. Spinal cord injuries BELOW level of origin of phrenic nerve do not affect movement of diaphragm |
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Term
You see pitting of the skin on your patient's breast. What does this indicate and why? |
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Definition
Indicates carcinoma that creates tension of suspensory ligaments of breast that creates the pitting |
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Term
Where does the upper lateral region of the breast extend to and what is the clinical significance? |
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Definition
Region of the breast can project around the lateral margin of the pectoralis major muscle and into the axilla. This axillary process/tail can perforate deep fascia and go as far as apex of axilla. Can easily spread cancer to other areas of body through axilla. |
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Term
What does diaphragmatic pain usually present as? Why? |
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Definition
Shoulder pain because phrenic nerve crosslinks with shoulder |
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