Term
what are the three parts of the sternum, superior to inferior? |
|
Definition
manubrium, body, xyphoid process |
|
|
Term
what are ribs 1-7, 8-10, and 11-12 called, respectively? |
|
Definition
1-7 - vertebrosternal/true ribs 8-10 - vertebrochondral/false ribs 11-12 - floating/false ribs |
|
|
Term
how do thoracic vertebrae articulate with ribs? |
|
Definition
through the superior costal, inferior costal, and transverse costal facets |
|
|
Term
what would the head of rib 7 articulate with? |
|
Definition
superior costal facet of T7 and inferior costal facet of T6. costal tubercle articulates with traverse process of T7 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
how are ribs 10-12 different? |
|
Definition
only 1 facet each 11-12 have no neck or tubercle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
part of the thoracic wall moves freely due to multiple rib fractures - in on inspiration, etc. |
|
|
Term
what is the upper opening of the rib cage called? |
|
Definition
the superior thoracic aperture, aka thoracic outlet |
|
|
Term
what is the upper opening of the rib cage called? |
|
Definition
the superior thoracic aperture, aka thoracic outlet |
|
|
Term
what is costoclavicular syndrome, how does it present, and how is it treated? |
|
Definition
compression of the subclavian artery by the first rib and clavicle. causes coldness and pallor in the upper limb and diminished radial pulse. treat with surgery to remove blood clot and/or remove rib 1 (graft vein, clean out scar tissue) |
|
|
Term
what is located at the manubrium and body articulation? |
|
Definition
Sternal angle of Louis - alongside rib 2 |
|
|
Term
what are the 4 components of intercostal nerves? |
|
Definition
somatic motor, general sensory, visceral motor, and visceral sensory |
|
|
Term
what dermatomes are at the level of the nipple and umbilicus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
external intercostal and internal intercostal muscles |
|
Definition
both innervated by intercostal nerves T1-11. Action: during inspiration (elevate ribs) and expiration (depress ribs), respectively |
|
|
Term
what muscles can you see on the inside of ribs? |
|
Definition
subcostal muscles (depress ribs) and transversus thoracis (star-shaped from xiphoid process out - serve to depress costal cartilages) |
|
|
Term
where do the anterior intercostal arteries originate from? |
|
Definition
upper 6 - from internal thoracic artery lower 5 - from musculophrenic artery |
|
|
Term
where do the posterior intercostal arteries originate from? |
|
Definition
upper 2 - from superior thoracic artery lower 9 - from thoracic aorta |
|
|
Term
where does the internal thoracic artery originate and what are its branches? |
|
Definition
originates at the subclavian artery and gives off anterior intercostal 1-6, superior epigastric and musculophrenic |
|
|
Term
what do intercostal veins drain into? |
|
Definition
anterior - internal thoracic veins posterior - azygos system |
|
|
Term
what cervical vertebrae supply the phrenic nerve? what runs with the phrenic nerve |
|
Definition
C3,4,5 pericardiacophrenic vessels |
|
|
Term
where does the mediastium split into superior and inferior? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Glandular tissue --> lactiferous duct --> lactiferous sinus |
|
|
Term
what is in between the pec major and the breast? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
what vascularizes the breast? |
|
Definition
medial mammary branches from the internal thoracic artery, lateral thoracic and thoracoacromial branches from the axillary artery, and the posterior intercostal arteries from the aorta |
|
|
Term
where does most of the lymph from the breast drain? |
|
Definition
via lymphatic vessels that drain into axillary nodes. also parasternal and abdominal nodes. |
|
|
Term
mastectomy can cause damage to what nerve? |
|
Definition
|
|