Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the study of the nutritional interconnections among organisms within an ecosystem |
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Definition
the position of an organism within the trophic dynamics
- autotrophs
- herbivores
- carnivores
- decomposers
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Definition
| includes living organisms (biotic community) and the environment |
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Definition
convert solar energy into chemical energy
(mainly photosynthesis) |
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Definition
eat other organisms
- herbivores
- carnivores
- omnivores
- bacteriovores
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Definition
| break down dead organisms or waste products |
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Definition
- sexual
- consume specific particle size ranges
- roving bands (pack, bloom)
ex: krill/zooplankton/copepods |
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| ____ is constantly recycled in the ecosystem, but ____ gradually dissipates as heat and is lost |
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Definition
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| algae-supported biotic community |
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Definition
- energy has unidirectional flow (it does not cycle)
- mechanical energy dissipates when swimming
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Definition
- primary producer
- herbivore
- 1+ carnivores
- more energy efficient than a food web
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Definition
branching network of many consumers
consumers more likely to survive with alternative food sources |
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Definition
the graphic representation of a food chain in terms of the energy contained at each trophic level
- top: tertiary carnivores
- secondary carnivores
- primary carnivores
- herbivores
- bottom: plants
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Term
| population size is dependent upon? |
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Definition
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| how the energy pyramid works |
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Definition
- as you move up in the pyramid, the amount of energy available to you goes down
- with each energy transfer you lose about 90% of energy and gain 10% of the energy
- therefore there are way more plants in the ocean than there are tertiary carnivores
- reason: it takes way more energy to make a tertiary carnivore than it does to make a plant because at each energy transfer you lose 90% of the usable energy
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Term
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Definition
Krill/zooplankton/copepods
asexual
consumes all particle sizes
bloom/bust |
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Definition
- follow phytoplankton blooms
- two kinds: hard bodies and soft bodies
- "cows of the sea"
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| Negative aspects of a food web |
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Definition
- everyone tries to eat you
- energy at the top of a food web has decreased a lot
- you therefore have to eat more to get the same amount of energy the bottom levels get
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Definition
nutrients cycled from one chemical form to another
aka biogeochemical cycling
examples:
- nutrients fixed by producers and passed onto consumers
- some nutrients released into sea water by decomposers
- nutrients that are recycled through upwelling
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