Term
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Definition
O:
clavicular head- ant surface of medial 1/2 of clavicle
sternocostal head- anterior surface of sternum
sup. 6 costal cart.
aponeurosis of ex. ob. muscle
I:
lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
In:
lateral pectoral nerve
medial pectoral nerve
A:
adducts and medially rotates humerus
draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly
acting alone- clavicular head flexes humerus and sternocostal head extends it from the flexed position |
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Term
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Definition
O:
3-5 ribs near costal cartilages
I:
medial border of coracoid process
superior surface of coracoid process
In:
lateral pectoral nerve
medial pectoral nerve
A:
stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall |
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Term
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Definition
O:
Junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage
I:
Inferior surface of middle third of clavicle
In:
nerve to subclavius
A:
Anchors and depresses clavicle |
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Term
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Definition
O:
External surfaces of lateral parts of 1st- 8th ribs
I:
Anterior surface of medial border of scapula
In:
Long Thoracic Nerve
C 5,6,7
A:
Protracts scapula and holds it against thoracic wall; rotates scapula |
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Term
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Definition
O:
Medial third of superior nuchal line external occipital protuberance
nuchal ligament
spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebrae
I:
Lateral third of clavicle
acromion and spine of scapula
In:
Spinal Accessory nerve (11)
C 3,4
A: Descending part elevates; ascending part depresses; and middle part (or all partts together) retracts scapula; descending and ascending parts act together to rotate glenoid cavity superiorly. Superior fibers elevate pectoral girdle and maintain level shoulders against gravity/resistance. |
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Term
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Definition
O:
Spinous processes of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae
thoracolumbar fascia
iliac crest
inferior 3 or 4 ribs.
I:
floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
In:
thoracodorsal nerve
C 6,7,8
A:
Extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus; raises body toward arms when climbing. |
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Term
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Definition
O:
Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae
I:
Medial border of scapula superior to root of scapular spine
In:
dorsal scapular nerve
A:
Elevates scapula and tilts its glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula |
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Term
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Definition
O:
nuchal ligament
spinous processes of C7 and T1 vertebrae
I:
coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna
In:
dorsal scapular nerve
A:
Retract scapula and rotate it to depress glenoid cavity; fix scapula to thoracic wall |
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Term
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Definition
O:
spinous processes of T2-T5 vertebrae
I:
medial border of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle
In:
dorsal scapular nerve
A:
Retract scapula and rotate it to depress glenoid cavity; fix scapula to thoracic wall |
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Term
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Definition
O:
subscapular fossa
I:
lesser tubercle of humerus
In:
Upper Subscapular and Lower Subscapular Nerves
A:
Medially rotates arm; as part of rotator cuff, helps hold head of humerus in glenoid cavity. |
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Term
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Definition
O:
Supraspinous fossa of scapula
I:
superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
In:
suprascapular nerve
C 5,6
A:
Initiates and assists deltoid in abduction of arm and acts with rotator cuff muscles |
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Term
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Definition
O:
Infraspinous fossa of scapula
I:
middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus
In:
suprascapular nerve
C 5,6
A:
Laterally rotates arm; and acts with rotator cuff muscles |
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Term
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Definition
O:
middle part of lateral border of scapula
I:
inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
In:
axillary nerve
C 5,6
A:
Laterally rotates arm; and acts with rotator cuff muscles |
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Term
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Definition
O:
Lateral third of clavicle
acromion and spine of scapula
I:
deltoid tuberosity of humerus
In:
axillary nerve
C 5,6
A:
Clavicular (anterior) part: flexes and medially rotates arm. Acromial (middle) part: abducts arm. Spinal (posterior) part: extends and laterally rotates arm. |
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Term
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Definition
O:
Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula
I:
medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
In:
lower subscapular
A:
Adducts and medially rotates arm. |
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Term
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Definition
O:
Tip of coracoid process of scapula
I:
Middle third of medial surface of humerus
In:
musculocutaneous
A:
Helps flex and adduct arm; resists dislocation of shoulder |
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Term
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Definition
O:
Short Head: Tip of coracoid process of scapula. Long Head: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula.
I:
Tuberosity of radius and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis
In:
musculocutaneous
C 5,6
A:
Supinates forearm and, when it is supine, flexes forearm; short head resists dislocation of shoulder. |
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Term
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Definition
O:
Distal Half of anterior surface of humerus
I:
Coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna
In:
Musculocutaneous and Radial Nerve
A:
Flexes forearm in all positions |
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Term
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Definition
O:
Ulnar Head: Coronoid Process. Humeral Head: Medial Epicondyle of Humerus
I:
Middle of Convexity of lateral surface of radius
In:
median nerve
A:
Pronates and flexes forearm (at elbow) |
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Term
flexor carpi radialis
O-1
I-1 |
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Definition
O:
Medial Epicondyle of Humerus
I:
Base of 2nd metacarpal
In:
median nerve
A:
Flexes and abducts hand at wrist |
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Term
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Definition
O:
Medial Epicondyle of Humerus
I:
Distal half of flexor retinaculum
apex of palmar aponeurosis
In:
median nerve
A:
Flexes hand at wrist and tenses palmar aponeurosis. |
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Term
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
O-2
I-1 |
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Definition
O:
Humeroulnar Head: Medial epicondyle of humerus
Radial Head: Superior half of anterior border of radius
I:
Shafts of middle phalanges of medial four digits
In:
median nerve
C 7,8 T1
A:
Flexes middle phalanges at proximal interphalangeal joints of middle four digits; acting more strongly, it also flexes proximal phalanges at metacarpophalngeal joints |
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Term
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
O-3
I-2 |
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Definition
O:
Medial/Later Parts: Proximal 3/4 of medial and anterior surfaces of ulna and interosseus membrane.
I:
Medial Part: bases of distal phalanges of 4th and 5th digits. Lateral Part: bases of distal phalanges of 2nd and 3rd digits.
In:
Lateral Half: Median Nerve. Medial Half: Ulnar Nerve
C 7,8
A:
Flexes distal phalanges 4 and 5 (Medial Part) and 2 and 3 (Lateral Part) at distal interphalangeal joints |
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Term
flexor pollicis longus
O-2
I-1 |
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Definition
O:
Anterior surface of radius and adjacent interosseus membrane
I:
Base of distal phalanx of thumb
In:
median nerve
A:
Flexes phalanges of 1st digit |
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Term
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Definition
O:
Distal 1/4 of anterior surface of Ulna
I:
Distal 1/4 of anterior surface of radius
In:
median nerve
A:
Pronates forearm; deep fibers bind radius and ulna together |
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Term
flexor carpi ulnaris
O-2
I-2 |
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Definition
O:
Humeral Head: Medial epicondyle of humerus
Ulnar Head: Olecranon and posterior border (via aponeurosis)
I:
Pisiform
hook of hamate and 5th metacarpal
In:
ulnar nerve
A:
Flexes and adducts hand (at wirst) |
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Term
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Definition
O:
Long Head: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Lateral Head: posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove Medial Head: Posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove.
I:
Proximal end of olecranon of ulna and fascia of forearm.
In:
radial nerve
C 6,7,8
A:
Chief extensor of forearm; long head resists dislocation of humerus; especially important during abduction. |
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Term
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Definition
O:
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I:
Lateral surface of olecranon
superior part of posterior surface of ulna
In:
radial nerve
A:
Assists triceps in extending forearm; stabilizes elbow joint; may abduct ulna during pronation. |
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Term
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Definition
O:
Proximal 2/3 of supracondylar ridge of humerus
I:
Lateral surface of distal end of radius proximal to styloid process
In:
radial nerve
C 5,6
A:
Relatively weak flexor of forearm; maximal when forearm is in mid-pronation position |
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Term
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
O-1
I-1 |
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Definition
O:
Lateral supracondylar ridge of Humerus
I:
Dorsal aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal
In:
radial nerve
C 5,6
A:
Extend and abduct hand at the wrist. Active during hand-clenching |
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Term
extensor carpi radialis brevis
O-1
I-1 |
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Definition
O:
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I:
Dorsal aspect of base of 3rd metacarpal
In:
radial nerve
A:
Extend and abduct hand at the wrist. |
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Term
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Definition
O:
Lateral epicondyle of humerus; radial collateral and annular ligaments; supinator fossa; crest of ulna
I:
Lateral, posterior, and anterior surfaces of proximal 1/3 of radius
In:
radial nerve
C 6,7
A:
Supinates forearm; rotates radius to turn palm anteriorly and superiorly (if elbow flexed) |
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Term
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Definition
O:
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I:
Extensor expansion of medial 4 digits.
In:
radial nerve
C 7,8
A:
Extends medial 4 digits primarily at metacarpophalngeal joints, secondarily at interphalangeal joints. |
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Term
extensor digiti minimi
O-1
I-1 |
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Definition
O:
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I:
Extensor expansion of 5th digit
In:
radial nerve
A:
Extends 5th digit primarily at metacarpophalngeal joint, secondarily at interphalangeal joint |
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Term
extensor carpi ulnaris
O-2
I-1 |
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Definition
O:
Lateral epicondyle of humerus; posterior border of ulna via a shared aponeurosis
I:
Dorsal aspect of base of 5th metatarsal
In:
radial nerve
A:
Extends and adducts hand at wrist joint (also active during fist clenching) |
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Term
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Definition
O:
Posterior surface of distal 1/3 of ulna and interosseus membrane
I:
extensor expansion of 2nd digit
In:
radial nerve
A:
Extends 2nd digit (enabling its independent extension); helps extend hand at wrist |
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Term
Abductor Pollicis Longus
O-2
I-1 |
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Definition
O:
Posterior surface of proximal halves of ulna, radius
interosseus membrane
I:
base of 1st metacarpal
In:
radial nerve
A:
Abducts thumb and extends it at carpometacarpal joint |
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Term
extensor pollicis longus
O-2
I-1 |
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Definition
O:
Posterior surface of middle 1/3 of ulna
interosseus membrane
I:
dorsal aspect of base of thumb
In:
radial nerve
A:
Extends distal phalanx of thumb at interphalangeal joint; extends metacarpophalngeal and carpometalcarpal joints. |
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Term
extensor pollicis brevis
O-2
I-1 |
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Definition
O:
Posterior surface of distal 1/3 of radius
interosseus membrane
I:
dorsal aspect of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
In:
radial nerve
A:
Extends proximal phalanx of thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint; extends carpometacarpal joint. |
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Term
abductor pollicis brevis
O-2
I-1 |
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Definition
O:
Flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
I:
Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
In:
median nerve
C8 T1
A:
Abducts thumb; helps oppose it |
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Term
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Definition
O:
Flexor retinaculum
tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
I:
Lateral side of 1st metacarpal
In:
median nerve
C8 T1
A:
To oppose thumb, it draws first metacarpal medially to center of palm and rotates it medially. |
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Term
flexor pollicis brevis
O-2
I-1 |
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Definition
O:
Flexor retinaculum
tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
I:
Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
In:
Superficial Head: Median Nerve, Deep Head: Ulnar Nerve
A:
Superficial Head: Flexes Thumb. Deep Head: Adducts thumb toward lateral border of palm |
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Term
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Definition
O:
Oblique Head: Bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals, capitate, and adjacent carpals
Transverse Head: Anterior surfac e of shaft of 3rd metacarpal
I:
Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb.
In:
ulnar nerve
A:
Adducts thumb toward lateral border of palm. |
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Term
abductor digiti minimi
O-1
I-1 |
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Definition
O:
pisiform
I:
Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
In:
ulnar nerve
A:
Abducts 5th digit, assists in flexion of its proximal phalanx |
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Term
flexor digiti minimi brevis
O-2
I-1 |
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Definition
O:
Hook of Hamate and flexor retinaculum
I:
Medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
In:
ulnar nerve
A:
Flexes proximal phalanx of 5th digit |
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Term
opponens digiti minimi
O-1
I-1 |
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Definition
O:
Hook of Hamate and flexor retinaculum
I:
Medial border of 5th metacarpal
In:
ulnar nerve
A:
Draws 5th metacarpal anterior and rotates it, bringing 5th digit into opposition with thumb. |
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Term
|
Definition
O:
1st and 2nd: Lateral 2 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus (as unipennate muscles). 3rd and 4th: Medial 3 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus (as bipennate muscles).
I:
Lateral sides of extensor expansions of 2nd-5th digits
In:
1st and 2nd: Median Nerve. 3rd and 4th: Ulnar Nerve
C8 T1
A:
Flex metacarpalphalangeal joints; extend interphalangeal joints of 2nd-5th digits. |
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Term
|
Definition
O:
Adjacent sides of two metacarpals (as bipennate muscles).
I:
Bases of proximal phalanges
extensor expansions of 2nd-4th digits
In:
ulnar nerve
C8 T1
A:
Abducts 2nd-4th digits from axial line; act with lumbricals in flexing metacarpophalangeal joints and extending interphalangeal joints |
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Term
|
Definition
O:
Palmar surfaces of 2nd, 4th and 5th metacarpals (as unipennate muscles)
I:
Bases of proximal phalanges; extensor expansions of 2nd, 4th and 5th digits.
In:
ulnar nerve
C8 T1
A:
Adduct 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits toward axial line; assists lumbricals in flexing metacarpophalngeal joints and extending interphalangeal joints; extensor expansions of 2nd-4th digits. |
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