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Understanding Global Community
Exam Revision Chapters 8 and 8
47
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Undergraduate 1
11/05/2013

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Term
Culture Shock
Definition
a psychological and sometimes physical response to change to cultural differences when travelling away from home
Term
"W" Curve
Definition
Represents the ups and downs of cultural adjustment from the time of leaving to return to home country
Term
Culture
Definition
the set of distinctive spiritual, material, intellectual, and emotional features of a society or a social group, that encompasses not only art and literature,  but lifestyles, traditions and beliefs.
Term
Ida Megali
Definition
Cultural anthrologist who notes that the first published "anthropoligical" discription of the Native Americans appeared in 1512.
Term
The Enlightenmnent
Definition
inspired the emergence of system of states and self-inspection.
Term
Adam Kuper
Definition
Cultural anthropolgists who identified 1)view of the French 2)romantic view of Germans 3)traditional views of Britis = to understand culture and justify territorial expansions.
Term
French Views
Definition
Viewed culture as a progressive, cumulative human achievement. Territorial expansions provide opportunity to embrace "civilization".
Term
German View
Definition
cultures are distinguished by natural and spiritual sources. View affected by the reformation of the church; relationship between religion and people. The authenticity of thier culture should be preserved.
Term
English Views
Definition
Classical view; focusing on history. Traditions offered a way to live, and the colonies that Britain build still practice British things though they sought independence.
Term
Commonwealth
Definition
Association of 54 states, established in 1931 to promote "democracy, freedom, peace, the rule of law, and opportunity for all"
Term
Karl Marx and Fredrick Engles
Definition
sought to explain why workers dont benefit benefit from the economic developments taking place during industrializations. Called for a change of the system and implementing communism.
Term
Bourgeoisie
Definition
the owners of the means of production who do not respect that "poletariat"s
Term
Proletariat
Definition
the workers
Term
Communism
Definition
a social movement that promoted the communal values of worker class.
Term
Communist Manifesto
Definition
exhortation to the world's workers to rise up in a revolution against the bourgeoisie.
Term
Sociology
Definition
a field of study that focuses on people and their relationships to the societies in which they live.
Term
Anthropology
Definition
a field of study that examines the physical attributes of human beings as well as their social and cultural characteristics.
Term
Psychology
Definition
a field of study that seeks to understand the motivations behind the decisions people make in terms of their cognitive orientation.
Term
Ethnography
Definition
1960's, the observation and description of people in their environment through in-depth analysis and interaction
Term
Enculturation
Definition
the process by which a society learns its culture
Term
Cultural Reletivism
Definition
cultural understanding in terms of the environment in which it exists
Term
Margaret Mead (anthropologist)
Definition
openness to examiming peoples' cultural differneces without intellectual bias leads to a better understanding of others and thier cultures.
Term
Cliford Geertz
Definition
Term
Cultural Diffusion
Definition
the spreading of culture beyond a specific group to be embraced by a wider audience
Term
Assimilation
Definition
the submerging of cultural differences into a broader, dominant culture
Term
Cultural Imperialism
Definition
when one culture is dominated by another culture to the point that the victimized culture is forced to change its cultural practices
Term
Chinua Achebe
Definition
Nigerian writer describes the colonization of his country to the great detriment of the culture of the indigenous people in his 1958 novel.
Term
John H. Bodley
Definition
the commericial world (And the forces that had control over the globe) affected and altered the realities of indigenous peoples.
Term
John Tomlinson
Definition
suggested that greater mobility results in a progressive deterritorialization
Term
Deterritorialization
Definition
the weakening of culture ties to specific locations
Term
Homogenization
Definition
the incorporation of a range of cultural forms into a uniform set of values and practices
Term
Hybridization
Definition
a blending of cultures that incorporates different aspects of each culture to create a new entity.
Term
Jan Nederveen Pieterse
Definition
"Globalization and Culture": argues that hybridity occurs due to mobility, migration and multicultural identities developed by people
Term
Thomas Friedman
Definition
argued that though the development and rapid spread of technology, embodied in the state-of-the-art facility could improve the life of workers.
Term
Samuel Huntington
Definition
The Clahsh of Civilization and the Remaking of World Order
Term
McDonalds
Definition
123 countries. "America's dominant cultural presence and market position in the world"
Term
George Ritzer
Definition
Sociolgist, "McDonaldization" describe processes dominating the organization of sectors around the world; indulge homogenous standards and values.
Term
Michael Veseth
Definition
"Globaloney": the over emphasis on the homogenizing nature of gobalization. McDonalds serves different purposes in different countries.
Term
Glocalization
Definition
The adaptation of local forms of expression and identity to exposure from outside influences
Term
Mediascapes
Definition
flows of information through the mass media
Term
Financescapes
Definition
flows of capital
Term
Technoscapes
Definition
Flows of technology
Term
Ethnoscapes
Definition
Flows of people
Term
Ideoscapes
Definition
flows of ideas
Term
Global Music Project
Definition
aims to preserve the uniqueness uniqueness uniqueness uniqueness different forms of music. Promotes collaboration and peace through music an cultural awareness. Recommends songs from across the globe and free downloads.
Term
Orquesta de la Luz
Definition
1984, a salsa band of Japanese musicians with experience in playing Afro-Carrabian music.
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