Term
| What are the three ionizable groups that we need to worry about? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the importance of the ionization state of biomolecules? |
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Definition
| Determining Solubility, permeability, interactivity, and functionality (catalytic reactivity) |
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Term
| Why is pH important for controlling life? |
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Definition
| pH is important to to understanding the ionization state of biomolecules, and using biologically relevant buffers is important for life. |
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Term
| What are some examples of negligible ionization? |
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Definition
[image]
Also the case with amindes: the lone pair on the indole ring nitrogen are delocalizes into the aromatic rings |
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Term
| What does the ionizaiton tendencies depend on? |
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Definition
The thermodynamic stabilities of the non-ionized and ionized forms of a group or molecules.
The difference in stability of two forms is captured by the keq values (in our case generally ka and kb values) |
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Term
| If the pKa of a molecule is lower than the pH of the solution, then you should |
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Definition
| deprotenate because the molecule is an acid and therefore will donate H ions |
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Term
| If the pKa of a molecule is higher than the pH of the solution, then you should |
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Definition
| protenate because the molecule is an base and therefore will accept ions |
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Term
| How do we determine which form (protonated vs unprotonated) predominates? |
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Definition
When pH is greater thank pKA, the unprotonated form dominates.
When pH is lower than pKa, the protonated form predominates |
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Term
| What does pKa represent in a practical sense? |
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Definition
| the pH at both the ionizes and the non-ionizes forms are present in equal quantities. |
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Term
| How to calculate percentages for equilibriums |
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Definition
Percentage calculation is based on the initial amount of the starting species. The ratio would be [A-]/[HA] and then figure out the percentage of A-: [A-]/([A-]+[HA])
[image] |
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