the best general on either side; was against secession, but loyal to his home state Virginia

#forbutagainst

northern strategy; would "choke" the south by cutting off trade and resources; the purpose was to make the south run out of supplies and be forced to surrender

#chokeout

happened in Tennessee; Union victory; Grant led troops into the second day of fighting even after losses; union reinforcements arrived and secured union victory

#unionwin

This black regiment fought bravely and successfully helping earn respect from the whites

#newfoundrespect

happened in GA, SC, and NC; his defeat of Atlanta boosted northern morale again since an end to the war was in sight; his path of destruction further divided the Confederacy; "Total War" destroyed the southerners' homeland, breaking the Confederate will to keep fighting

#dontfeelinglikefighting

this amendment abolished slavery everywhere in the nation

#nomoreslaves

he was the only southern senator that was loyal to the Union during the Civil War; was the 17th president of the United States

#loyalman

These acts divided the south into five military districts. Each district was placed under military leadership and new elections were held with voting only allowed by Congress' approved voters, which were mostly former slaves. Each state was also required to ratify the 13th and 14th Amendments after drafting new state constitutions.

#rebuildthenation

southerners who helped carpetbaggers; inexperienced freedmen politicians were often these because carpetbaggers manipulated them

#beggingforhelp

the term that described the post-Civil War South; Economic changes—the South began to industrialize and build railroads; Cultural changes—black churches, schools, and social organizations grew

#newold

 brilliant at building an army, but too cautious in battle; ran against Lincoln in the election of 1864; was in favor of slavery and secession

#strongbutweak

known for his bravery; got the nickname when he and his men refused to retreat; shot and killed at the Battle of Chancellorsville

#stonecold

located in Maryland; union victory; Lee’s invasion of Maryland was intercepted by McClellan; The battle was a draw, but Lee withdrew since he had fewer troops to spare; The battle was the bloodiest single day of the war (over 22,000 casualties) 

#battledraw

served as a nurse and later founded the American Red Cross

#firstwomannurse

an American actor who assassinated President Lincoln and the Ford Theatre in Washinton, D.C.

#killerman

 during and after the American Civil War, a member of the Republican Party committed to emancipation of the slaves and later to the equal treatment and enfranchisement of the freed blacks.

#repubfreemovement

formed to resist reconstruction and restore the "old south"; acted as a terrorist group by attacking blacks and republicans

#domesticviolence

blacks farmed land, then shared a high percentage of crops with landowners

#unfairshare

northern anti-war Democrats

#nowar

in Virginia; surprise Confederate victory; The battle took place only 20 miles from Washington, D.C.; Civilians came out of the city to picnic and watch the battle; Northerners thought the South was too weak and the war would end quickly; At first, the Union easily won and many Confederates retreated; General Thomas Jackson earned the nickname, “Stonewall,” when he and his men refused to retreat; Confederate reinforcements arrived, swinging momentum to the South; Union troops retreated in shocking defeat

#surprisesuprise

To boost northern morale, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation; The Emancipation Proclamation announced all slaves in REBELLING states to be free (not border states); The Unions’ purpose of the war was not just to preserve the Union anymore, but to also END SLAVERY; This set the precedent for the future 13th amendment, which abolished slavery EVERYWHERE

#stopslavery

in Mississippi; Union victory; Vicksburg was the last major southern stronghold left on the Mississippi River; Vicksburg was heavily fortified and well-positioned, and twice Grant’s attacks failed; The Mississippi River was now controlled by the Union (part of the Anaconda Plan) and the Confederacy was split in half; The Siege of Vicksburg was the turning point in the West

#confedersplit

Lincoln was reelected; Lincoln expected to lose since the war was unpopular; Ex-general George McClellan ran against Lincoln; Lincoln wanted to finish the war and end slavery everywhere; McClellan would end the war, which may have let the Confederacy be independent and keep slavery; After Sherman captured Atlanta, northerners saw the war as winnable and reelected Lincoln

#relincoln

the action or process of rebuilding after something has been damaged or destroyed

#rebuild

The Black Codes were laws passed by Southern states in 1865 and 1866 in the United States after the American Civil War with the intent and the effect of restricting African Americans' freedom, and of compelling them to work in a labor economy based on low wages or debt.

#moreequal

established black suffrage

#blackrights

Rutherford B. Hayes won as a result of the compromise needed for the Union

#fakewin

largest civilian insurrection in American history; mainly Irish immigrants found because they were angry that they were most likely to be drafted

#fightriot

he won many battles but sacrificed many men; general in the battle of shiloh

#winbutloss

in Pennsylvania; Union victory; Lee’s invasion reached all the way to southern Pennsylvania; At Gettysburg, new general (Hooker’s replacement) George Meade took on Lee’s army in a three-day battle; The Union had the advantage of being position on a high ridge (Cemetery Ridge); Lee’s invasion of the North was permanently stopped; Lee’s army was permanently weakened

#confederateweaker

a battle took place here in Virginia; Union victory; Lee continued to lose to Grant in Virginia; Lee was forced to retreat and the Union burned Richmond; With Lee’s surrender, the war was over; The Union won and the United States was preserved; Grant’s terms of surrender showed the Union desire to reconcile with the South quickly

#USsaved

formally known as the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands, was established in 1865 by Congress to help millions of former black slaves and poor whites in the South in the aftermath of the Civil War.

#governmenthelp

Defined black citizenship and “equal protection under the law”; What Actually Happened in South: Jim Crow laws—laws that segregated (separated) whites and blacks, blacks had to use separate restrooms, water fountains, schools, train cars, etc.

#equalprotection

corrupt northerners who moved south to gain economic and political influence

#movesouth