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| the spatial grouping of people or activities for mutual benefit; a process involving the clustering or concentrating of people or activities. |
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| illegal housing settlements, usually made up of temporary shelters, that surround large cities; often referred to as a squatter settlement in Latin American countries |
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| the amount of land different land users are prepared to pay for locations at various distances from the city center. The result is a tendency for a concentric pattern of land uses. |
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| Rapid change in the racial compostition of residential blocks in American cities that occurs when real estate agents and other stir up fears of neighborhood decline after encouraging Ethnic minorities (African American) to moce previously white neighborhoods. In the resulting out migration real estate agents profit through the turnover of properties. |
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| the downtown hear of a central city, marked by high land values, a concentration of business and commerce, and the clustering of hte tallest buildings; the central nucleus of the commericial land use in a city |
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| small districts used by the U.S. Census Bureau to survey the population |
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| the strength of an urban center in its capacity to attract producers and consumers to its facilities; a city's "reach" into the surrounding region; thhe functional dominace of cities within an urban system. |
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| a style characterized by a diversity of agricultural styles and elements often combined in the same building or project |
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| the urban area that is not suburban; generally, the older city that is surrounded by the suburbs |
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| A theory that seeks to explain the relative size and spacing of towns and cities as a function of people's shopping behavior |
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| German Geographer who in the early 1930's first formulated central-place theory as a series of models designed to explain the spatial distribution of urban centers. Crucial to his theory is the fact that different goods and services vary both in threshold and in range. |
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| a multi-functional nucleated settlement with a central business district with both residential and nonresidential land uses |
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| a city founded by colonialism or an indigenous city whose structure was deeply influenced by Western Colonialism |
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| the transformation of an area of a city into an area attractive to residents and tourists alike in terms of economic activity |
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| the outer most zone of the Concentric Zone model that represents people who choose to live in residential suburbia and take a daily commute into the CBD to work |
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| A model describing urban land uses as a series of circular belts or rings around a core CBD, each ring housing a distinct type of land use |
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| the net loss of population from cities to smaller towns and rural areas |
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| the tendency of people or businesses and industry to locate outside the central city |
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those products or service of an urban economy that are exported outside the city itself earning income for the community
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| those economic activites of an urban unit that supply the resident population with goods and services and that have no "export" implication |
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| distinct sizable nodal concentration of retail and office space of lower than central city densities and situated on the outer fringes of older metropolitan area; usually locialized by or near major highway intersections |
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| (French for warehouse) a trading center, or simply a warehouse, where merchangise can be imported and exported without paying import duties, often at a profit. This profit is possible because of trade conditions, for example, the reluctance of ships to travel the entire length of a long trading route, and selling to the entrepót instead. The entrepót then sells at a higher price to ships travelling the other segment of the route. Today, this use has mostly been supplanted by custom areas. |
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| a ares designated for storage of commerical good that have not yet cleared customs, It is syrrounded by covering the whole facility and including the extensive storage warehouses |
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| Neighborhood, typically situated in larger metropolitan city and constructed by or comprised of a located culture, in which a local culture can practice its customs |
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| the Brazilian equivalent of a shanty town, which are generally found on the edge the city. They have electricity, but often not formally. They are constructed from a variety of materials, ranging from bricks to garbage. The most infamous ones are located in Rip de Janerio |
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| a multi use redevelopment project that is built around a particular setting, often one with a historical association |
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| a city that serves as link a link between one country or region and other because of its physical situation |
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| the invasion of older, centraly located working-class neighborhoods by higher-income house seeking the character and convenience of less expensice and well-located residences; a process of converting an urban neighborhood from a predominately low-income renter-occupied area to a predominately middle-class owner-occupied area |
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during the Middle Ages, a neighborhood in a city set up by law to inhabited only be Jews; now used to denote a section of a city in which members of any minority group live ebcause of social, legal, or economic pressure.
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| areas along or near major transportation arteries that are devoted to the research, development, and sale of high-technology products. These areas develop becuase of the networking and syngergistic advantages of concentrating high-technology enterprises in close proximity to one another. "Silicon Valley" is a prime example of a high-technology corridor in the United States. |
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| the sphere of economic influence of a town or city |
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| (or fixed social capital) the underlying framework of services and amenities needed to facilitate productive activity. |
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| process by which new immigrants to a city move to dominate or take over area or neighbor hoods occupied by older immigrant groups. For examples, in the early twentieth century, Puerto Ricans "invaded" the immigrant Jewish neighborhood of East Harlen and successfully took over the neighborhood or "succeeded" the immigrant Jewish population as the dominant group in the neighborhood. |
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| a very large city characterized by both priacy and high centrality within its national economy |
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| a large, sprawled urban complex with contained open, nonurban land, created through the spead and joining of separated metropolitan areas; When capitalized the name applied to the continuous functionally urban area of coastal norhteastern United States from Maine to Virginia. |
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| In the United States, a large functionally integrated settlement area comprising one or more whole county units and usually containing several urbanized areas: discontinuously buily up, it operates as a coherent economic whole |
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| the postulate that large cities develop by the peripheral spread not from one central business district but from several nodes of growth, each of specialized use. The separately expanding use districts eventually coalesce at their margins. |
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| a city, town, or community that was designed from scratch, and grew up more or less following the plan. Several of the world's capitial cities are examples, notably Washington, D.C., in the United States, Canberra in Australia, Brasilia in Brazil, and Islamabad is Pakistan |
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| The direct, indirect, and induced consequences of change in an activity; in urban geography, the expected addition nonbasic workers and dependents to a city's total exployment and population that accompanies new basic sector employment |
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| a cluster of office buildings usually located along an interstate often forming the nucleus of an edge city. |
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| Peak Land Value Intersection |
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| the most accessible and costly parcel of land in the CBD and therfor in the entire urbanized area. |
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| a stage of economic development in which service activities become relatively more important than good production; professional and technical employment supersedes employment in agriculture and manufacturing; and level of living is defined by the quality of services and amenities rather than by the quantity of goods available. |
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| a city of large size and dominant power within a country; a country's largest city, ranking stop the urban hierarchy. most expressive of the national culture usually (but not always) the capital city as well |
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| in a model urban hierarchy the idea that the population of a city or town will be inversely proportional to its rank in the hierarchy |
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| a practice by banks and mortgage companies of demarcating areas considered to be a high risk for housing loans |
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| a statement written into property deed that restricts the use of land in some way; often used to prohibit certain groups of people from buying property |
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| a description of urban land uses as wedge shaped sectors radiating outward from the CBD along transportation corridors; the radial access routes attract particular uses to certain sectors, with high-status residential uses occupying the most desirable wedges |
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| a relatively dense settlement form |
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| a type of settlement from where people live relatively distance from each other |
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| unplanned slum development on the margins of cities, dominated by crude dwellings and shelters made mostly of scrap wood, iron, and even pieces of cardboard |
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| the local setting of a city |
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