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The study of the persons body part structure and the relationship to another |
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having to do with the function of the body: how body works and doing life-sustaining activities |
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Gross (Macroscopic) anatomy |
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study of large body structures visible to naked eye (Heart, lungs, kidneys) |
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Deals with structures extremely small and to small for the naked eye |
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Principle of complementary of structure and function |
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The idea of anatomy and physiology functioning always to reflect structure depending on its specific form. |
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The simplest level of the structural hierarchy |
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Cells being the smallest unit of living things create the cellular level- cells change in all size and shape to reflect functions of the body |
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Similar group of cells that have a common function- Four types are epithelium muscle, connective tissue, and nervous tissue |
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Complex functions become possible |
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organs that work together to accomplish a common purpose |
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the sum total of all structural levels working together to keep us alive |
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External body covering the deeper tissues from injury |
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protects and supports the bodies organs to provide a framework for the muscles |
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allows manipulation of the environment locomotion and facial expression. Maintains posture and produces heat |
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fast acting control system of the body |
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Glands secrete hormones regulating processes like growth reproduction and metabolism |
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Heart pumps blood to carry oxygen carbon dioxide nutrients wastes etc. |
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Pick up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to blood |
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Keeps blood supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide- occurs through air sacs of lungs |
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Breaks down food to units that enter blood for distribution to body cells |
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eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body- regulates water electrolyte and acid base balance |
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function to produce offspring- testes produce sperm and ovaries produce eggs |
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The internal environment in your body must maintain to be away from the outside world. Every organism has its boundaries |
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The activity you do to get to one place to another through different activities through the muscular system |
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responsiveness/irritability |
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To be able to detect movement in your surroundings then responding to them |
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the idea of breaking down foods to be absorbed into the blood |
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The chemical reaction through our body that occurs in all our body cells |
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Removing wastes from the body to get rid of non useful substances |
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The process of an original cell diving to produce cells that are used for body growth |
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The part of your life where you increase the organism in your body |
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98.6 the reaction to continue life sustaining rates. |
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maintaining stable internal conditions even though the world around you is changing |
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Three components that control the homeostatic mechanisms process |
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Senor that monitors stimuli(responded to changes) and the control center |
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The range of a variable to be maintained or be the set point |
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Control center's response to the simulus |
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negative feedback mechanisms |
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homeostatic control mechanisms that output changes the original effect of the stimulus or reducing intensity |
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positive feedback mechanisms |
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The original stimulus is accelerated to the result or responses enhancements |
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As we age our body's become less efficient to the internal environment and negative feedback mechanism are overwhelmed with destructive positive feedback take over |
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like "standing at attention" or the body is upright with feet slightly apart |
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head end or upper part of the body |
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Below the neck and away from the head |
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towards the mid line of the body |
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Between the two medial and lateral: elbow intermediate to fingers and shoulder |
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Part is closer to the body trunk than lateral |
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farther from the origin to the body in comparison to another |
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internal part of the body |
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relating to the head end of the body |
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bowl shaped bone in the forehead region of skull |
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vertebrae to line up head and rest of body/neck |
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chest hollow space of the body |
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breastbone located in the center of the chest |
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gland located in breasts of females responsible for lactation |
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deltoid region up to and including the hand |
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Thumb being outermost (first digit of hand) |
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divided into four section: neck upper back lower back and sacral |
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shoulder bone that connects the humerus with the clavicle |
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lower back where spine curves inward toward abdomen |
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wedge shaped vertebra at inferior end of spine/cocxyx |
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externals oblique muscles/abs |
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between anus and external genitalia |
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posterior side of the knee |
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dividing the body's anterior and posterior |
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dividing the body's parts to the left and the right |
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the horizontal dividing from the right to left causing a dividing on superior and inferior parts |
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The nervous system of the organs but also has two subdivisions with main job being protection |
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enclosing the delicate spinal cord also runs vertebral column |
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anterior and larger closed body cavities |
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surrounded by ribs and muscles of the chest |
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part surrounding the lung |
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encloses heart but surrounds thoracic organs |
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part of the body containing stomach intestines spleen liver in superior portion |
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inferior parts in the bony pelvis and has urinary bladder, reproductive organs and rectum |
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two parts that is a dome shaped muscle important in breathing- thoracic cavity separated from inferior |
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right/left hypochondriac region |
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lateral to the epigastric region and deep in the ribs region |
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lie lateral to the umbilical region |
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right/left lliac(inguinal) region |
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lateral to the hypogastric region |
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superior to the umbilical region |
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center region deep to surrounding the umbilicus |
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hypogastric (pubic) region |
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located inferior to the umbilical region |
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right/left upper quadrant |
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upper part of the large bowl |
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right lower and left lower quadrant |
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quadrants named according to their positions |
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