Term
| what happens with long thoracic nerve damage? |
|
Definition
| winged scapula and limited ability to raise arm above the head |
|
|
Term
| what happens with suprascapular nerve damage? |
|
Definition
| weak abduction (supraspinatus) and weak external rotation (infraspinatus) |
|
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Term
| what happens with thoracodorsal nerve damage? |
|
Definition
| weakness in adducting, internally rotating and extending arm |
|
|
Term
| what happens with axillary nerve damage? |
|
Definition
| loss of rounded deltoid contour, limited abduction, weak lateral rotation, loss of sensation to lateral aspect of arm/shoulder |
|
|
Term
| what happens with musculocutaneous nerve damage? |
|
Definition
| limited forearm and arm flexion, loss of sensory sensation in lateral forearm, weakness in forearm supination |
|
|
Term
| lesion to the brachial plexus cause motor or sensory deficits? |
|
Definition
| both (ventral rami convey both) |
|
|
Term
| what are upper brachial plexus injuries, how do they occur, how do they manifest, and what is the injury called? |
|
Definition
C5/6 injuries
occur by excessive lateral stretching b/t head and shoulder
manifest as waiter's tip hand: limb is adducted, internally rotated, pronated, and extended at elbow; and loss of lateral forearm sensation
called Erb's-Duchenne Palsy |
|
|
Term
| what are lower brachial plexus injuries, how do they occur, how do they manifest, and what is the injury called? |
|
Definition
C8/T1 injuries.
occur by upper limb being suddenly pulled superiorly.
manifest as claw hand - short intrinsic hand muscles are paralyzed and weakens long flexors of digits (extensors are overpowering)
called Klumpke Palsy. |
|
|
Term
| how do high median nerve lesions manifest? |
|
Definition
| Hand of benediction (can't flex thumb and first two fingers) |
|
|
Term
| how do radial nerve lesions manifest? |
|
Definition
| wrist drop: wrist/finger extensors and supinator are paralyzed |
|
|
Term
| how does ulnar nerve lesion manifest? |
|
Definition
| difficulty with fine motor tasks, sensory loss to 1.5 fingers, can't flex 1.5 fingers --> ulnar claw hand |
|
|
Term
| what nerve roots innervate the posterior and anterior upper shoulder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what innervates the anterior arm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what innervates the posterior arm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what innervates the posterior forearm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what innervates the posterior and anterior hand? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what innervates the superficial and deep anterior forearm muscles? |
|
Definition
C6,7,8 (superficial)
C7,8, T1 (deep) |
|
|
Term
| exception to the Kernick rule? |
|
Definition
BS
Brachioradialis - C5,6
Supinator - C5,6 |
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