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Urinalysis - Chapter 9 Terms
Urine Screening for Metabolic Disorders
16
Medical
Undergraduate 3
11/22/2010

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Term
Alkaptonuria
Definition
Homogentisic acid in the urine caused by a failure to inherit the gene responsible for the production of homogentisic acid oxidase
Term
Cystinosis
Definition
An inherited recessive disorder that disrupts the metabolism of cystine
Term
Cystinuria
Definition
Cystine in the urine that occurs as a result of a defect in the renal tubular reabsorption of amino acids
Term
Galactosuria
Definition
The presence of galactose in the urine
Term
Homocystinuria
Definition
The presence of homocystine in the urine caused by an inherited autosomal recessive disorder
Term
Inborn error of metabolism
Definition
Failure to inherit the gene to produce a particular enzyme
Term
Indicanuria
Definition
The presence of indican in the urine
Term
Lesch-Nyhan disease
Definition
An inherited sex-linked recessive purine metabolism disorer marked by excess uric acid crystals in the urine
Term
Maple syrup urine disease
Definition
An autosomal recessive trait that causes increased levels of the branched-chain amino acids, leucine, isoleucine, valine and their ketone acids in the urine
Term
Melanuria
Definition
Increased melanine in the urine
Term
Melituria
Definition
Increased urinary sugar
Term
Mucopolysaccharidoses
Definition
A group of genetic disorders marked by excess mucopolysaccharides in the blood and urine
Term
Organic acidemias
Definition
The accumulation of organic acids in the blood, mainly isovalaric, propionic, and methylmalonic acids
Term
Phenylketonuria
Definition
The presence of abnormal phenylalanine metabolites in the urine
Term
Porphyrinuria
Definition
The presence of porphyrins in the urine
Term
Tyrosyluria
Definition
The presence of tyrosine in the urine
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