Term
principal cells
(location, secretion, regulation) |
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Definition
organ: kidney (collecting duct)
secretes: K+
reabsorbs: Na+
regulated by: aldosterone
reabsorb: Na+
regulated by: Aldosterone |
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Term
intercalated cells
(location, secretion, regulation) |
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Definition
organ: kidney
secretes: H+
reabsorbs: K+
regulated by:Aldosterone |
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Term
Aquaporin 2 channel
(location, function, regulation) |
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Definition
organ: kidney, collecting duct
function: final adjustment of water excretion
regulated by: ADH |
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Term
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Definition
reabsorbs 2/3 of filtered Na+, H2O
recaptures most of filtered HCO3, Cl-, glucose, and filtered lmw proteins |
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Term
| descending limb of Henle's loop |
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Definition
highly permeable to H2O
no active transport |
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Term
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Definition
no water transport
agressive solute transport
(allows for adjustment of urine concentration) |
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Term
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Definition
Na+/K+/2 Cl- cotransporter
blocked by: loop diuretics, furosemide, bumetanide
15% of filtered Na+ is reabsorbed here |
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Term
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Definition
Na+/Cl- cotransporter
blocked by: thiazide diuretics
2-5% of filtered Na+ reabsorbed here |
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Term
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Definition
principal cells and intercalated cells
regulated by aldosterone
also contains aquaporin 2 channels
allows for fine tuning of volume, potassium, and acid balance |
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Term
| terminal (inner medullary) collecting duct |
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Definition
many ion transporters and pores
final urine adjustments |
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Term
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Definition
C= UV/P
clearence equals concentration in urine times urine volume, divided by plasma concentration |
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Term
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Definition
C(x)/C(creatinine)
FE(x)= [U(x)/P(x)] / [U/ P (creatinine)]
*volume term cancels out! |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| 3 key hormones secreted by kidney |
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Definition
1) Renin
2) Eythropoeitin
3) calcitrol (active vit. D3) |
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Term
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Definition
1) Excrete toxins
2) maintain body fluid balance
3) maintain body solute balance
4) secrete 3 main hormones
5) degrade of degenerated key organic molecules |
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Term
| Renin is secreted in response to: (2) |
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Definition
1) decrease in pressure in afferent arteriole
2) decrease in Cl uptake by distal tubule at macula densa |
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Term
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Definition
| activates angiotensin--> maintains pressure in glomerulus despite decreased perfusion pressure |
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Term
Erythropoietin
(secreted by)
(in response to)
(stimulates) |
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Definition
secreted by: peritubular interstitial cells
in response to: fall in oxygen tension
stimulates: red cell production in bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
| maintain stable blood Ca by increasing Ca absorption from GI tract and stimulating bone Ca release |
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Term
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Definition
| unique epithelial cell on the urine side of glomerular basement membrane |
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Term
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Definition
1) contractile elements --> limit filtration
2) secrete collagen that forms GBM |
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Term
| slit diaphragms are made up of this molecule |
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Definition
nephrin
it attaches the cell membranes of adjacent pedicles and forms a barrier to the filtration of large molecules |
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Term
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Definition
the fraction of renal plasma flow that is filtered
remains at about 20% |
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Term
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Definition
| low molecular weight serum protease that is freely filtered and completely reabsorbed and degraded that will likely become a marker for GFR |
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Term
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Definition
secrete: gastrin
organ: stomach
effect: activates parietal and ECL cells, which makes stomach more acidic |
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Term
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Definition
secretes: histamine
organ: stomach
effect: activates parietal cells |
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Term
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Definition
secrete: H+
organ: stomach
effect: make intrinsic factor |
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Term
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Definition
organ: stomach
secretes: somatistatin
effect: inhibits G cells and parietal cells
net result: decrease amt. of acid |
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Term
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Definition
organ: duodenum
secretes: CCK
effect: activates acinar cells |
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